“NTABWO NZIGERA NGOREKA AMATEKA YANJYE NGAMIJE KUGORORA AYAWE”- Maître Valentin Akayezu

Maître Valentin Akayezu

Itariki ya 06 Mata 1994 ntabwo ari itariki yabaye gusa imbarutso y’umubabaro udashira uhanze ubuzima bw’umunyarwanda uwo ariwe wese, yanabaye ahubwo itariki yahishuye ubugome n’akagambane gakomeye umuryango mpuzamahanga wagiriye kandi ugikomeje kugirira imbaga y’abanyarwanda.

Imyaka 31 irashize Umukuru w’Igihugu cy’u Rwanda yishwe n’umutwe w’ibyihebe by’Inkotanyi, ariko ingaruka z’urwo rugomo ndengakamere, zigaragaza mu mibereho ya buri munsi y’abanyarwanda, zikaba zikomeje kwirengagizwa no guteshwa agaciro n’umuryango mpuzamahanga mu nyungu zigamije gushimangira ubutegetsi burangajwe imbere n’ababonwa nka ba “Nyamuke”(minorité) kuko ngo aribo bafatwa nk’abafite ubushobozi bwo gutegeka, gushyira gahunda mu miyoborere no kubungabunga inyungu z’ibihugu by’ibihangage mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari by’Afurika.

Imyaka 31 irashize, amamiliyoni y’abaturage batabarirwa mu itsinda rya ba nyamuke, bakomeje kwangazwa, kwicwa urubozo, kunyagwa ibyabo, guhabwa ishusho y’urubwa ko aribo babangamira ukubaho kwa ba nyamuke. Ubugome burenze ubwo umuntu yabasha gutekereza, bukomejwe gukoreshwa mu gutembagaza imivu y’amaraso, bireberwa ndetse binashyigikiwe n’umuryango mpuzamahanga mu nyungu zo kubungabunga ubukungu bukomoka mu iburabuzwa ry’amamiliyoni y’abatuye akarere k’ibiyaga bigari!!

Tariki 6 mata 1994…. Reka tugaruke ku iraswa ry’indege ryagushije u Rwanda mu kaga

Ndibuka neza ko tariki ya 06 Mata 1994 , nubwo nari mfite imyaka 16, yasanze nari naramaze kujya nsoma hafi ibinyamakuru byose byandikirwaga mu Rwanda, byaba ibyari bifite umurongo ubogamiye mu gushyigikira intambara fpr inkotanyi yari yarashoje ku Rwanda, n’ibyari bifite umurongo ushyigikiye igice cy’ubutegetsi bwari burangajwe imbere na Nyakwigendera Habyarimana Yuvenali, Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda.

Ndibuka neza ko tariki ya 04 Kanama 1993, nari nicaye imbere ya Televiziyo, nkurikirana uko umuhango wo gusinya amasezerano y’Arusha ugenda!! Ndi imbere y’imboneshakure, niboneye Perezida Yuvenali Habyarimana na Coloneli Kanyarengwe Alexis wari Perezida wa fpr inkotanyi bahoberana nyuma y’uko bombi bari bamaze gushyira umukono ku masezerano y’amahoro. Icyo gihe, ndibuka ko mu marangamutima yanjye, ku myaka 15 nari mfite muri uwo mwaka wi 1993, numvaga ikizere kije ko intambara irangiye, igihugu kigiye ku murongo.

Ndibuka ko mu minsi mike yakurikiye isinywa ry’amasezerano y’amahoro ya Arusha, hakurikiyeho itanganzwa ry’uko impande zose zari mu biganiro by’amahoro, zumvikanye ibirebana n’igabana ry’imyanya y’ubutegetsi ku birebana no gushyiraho Leta y’inzibacyuho yagombaga kuyiborwa na Nyakwigendera Faustin Twagiramungu wari usigaye avugwa ku cyitiriro cya “Premier Ministre désigné”!!, hakanavugwa ibirebana ni ishyirwaho ry’inteko inshingamategeko y’inzibacyuho!!

Ndibuka neza ko ibyatangajwe birebana n’igabana ry’imyanya y’Ubutegetsi, byagaragaje ko ibirebana na “ministères régaliers” uretse Ministère y’Ingabo n’Ubutegetsi bw’igihugu zari zagenewe ishyaka rya MRND, izindi Ministère zose zari zahawe igihande cyahagurukiye kurwanya ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Habyarimana: izo ni Ministere y’Ubukungu, Ministère y’Ububanyi n’amahanga na Ministère y’Ubutabera. Ndibuka neza rwose ko byagaragaraga ko amasezerano y’amahoro y’Arusha yari yageze ku mugambi wo gusiga Ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Habyarimana, nta mbaraga na nke zo gufata no kuyobora igihugu bufite!!

Ndibuka ko neza mu kiganiro yahaye abanyamakuru nyuma y’isinywa ryayo masezerano, Perezida Habyarimana yagize ati “ni ibipapuro tumaze gusinya”!! Ntabwo nabeshya ngo icyo gihe ku rugero rw’imyaka nari mfite, ko hari ubushobozi bwo kwisesengurira impamvu zaba zarateye Perezida Habyarimana gutanga igisubizo giteye gutyo. Ariko iyo nshubije amaso inyuma, mbona impamvu zumvikana kandi zifatika, zatumye Perezida Habyarimana atanga igisubizo nkicyo ku munyamakuru wamubazaga, agaragaza ko nawe ubwe atari afitiye ikizere ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo masezerano.

-Impamvu ya mbere: Leta y’u Rwanda yari yaramaze gufatirwa ibihano (embargo sur l’achat des armes) nyamara nta cyemezo kigeze gifatirwa umutwe wa fpr Inkotanyi wo wakomeje kubona ubufasha bweruye mu bya gisirikare!!

-Impamvu ya kabiri: raporo zose z’imiryango mpuzamahanga zakomeje kugaragaza ukubogama gukomeye kutihishira, aho byagaragaraga ko hari akagambane ko guhindanya isura y’Ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Habyarimana nyamara amabi n’ubwicanyi bwakorwaga n’inkotanyi bwo bugatwikirwa ndetse bugakingirwa ikibaba. Izo raporo zose zikaba zarahamagariraga ibihugu by’amahanga gufatira u Rwanda ibihano by’ubukungu.

Mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko imibereho y’Abanyarwanda yari igeze habi kubera intambara, yarushaho guhuhuka mu gihe haba hafashwe ibihano byo mu rwego rw’ubukungu, Perezida Habyarimana yahisemo kwemera kwinjira mu biganiro byiswe iby’amahoro bya Arusha kubera igitutu yari akomeje gushyurwaho, nyamara bigaragara ko bitari ibiganiro by’amahoro mu by’ukuri ahubwo wari umutego wo kugabanya imbaraga mu buryo bwose bushoboka z’ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana hitwajwe amasezerano y’amahoro.

Reka nibutse ko mu gihe Perezida Habyarimana we yahisemo kwemera gutakaza imbaraga z’ubutegetsi bwe arengera ko abanyarwanda batajya mu kaga mu gihe haba hafashwe ibihano mu rwego rw’ubukungu, Kagame awe ahurutse gushinga umutsi ku ryinyo abwira abanyarwanda ko bagomba kwemera umuze w’ubukene bazazanirwa n’ibihano by’ubukungu u Rwanda rurimo rufatirwa ubu, aho kugira ngo Kagame atakaze ingufu z’ubutegetsi bwe!!!!

Reka nigarukire ku byo nibuka ku myaka yanjye 15 mu mwaka wa 1993. Hari ku itariki ya 21 Ukwakira 1993, ubwo Perezida Merchiol Ndadaye yicwaga, akaba ariwe Perezida wa mbere w’umuhutu wari ubayeho mu mateka y’Uburundi. Perezida Ndadaye yishwe nyuma y’amezi atatu yari amaze ku butegetsi bwagiyeho mu matora yatsinzwe ni ishyaka rye rya Frodebu. Perezida Ndadaye yicanywe n’abandi ba Ministri b’Abahutu, ndetse nibuka neza ko Ministri Jean Minani wayiboraga Ministeri y’Ubuzima muri Leta ya Ndadaye, yahungiye mu Rwanda. Nibuka neza ko ibinyamakuru bitandukanye byo mu Rwanda, byatangaje inkuru zigaragaza ko Paul Kagame ari mu bateguye kandi bakanayobora iyicwa rya Parezida Ndadaye.

Ndibuka neza ko nyuma y’iyicwa rya Perezida Ndadaye ndetse ryavuzwemo kuyoborwa na Paul Kagame, byabaye ibikangura ibitekerezo bya bamwe mu banyapolitiki bari bibumbiye mu mashyaka ya opposition mu Rwanda. Muri uko kwezi kwa cumi/1993, ndibuka neza ko kuri stade ya Nyamirambo, hateraniye mitingi yahuje abanyapolitiki bo muri PL, MDR, CDR bamagana iyicwa rya Perezida Ndadaye n’intambara ya fpr inkotanyi!!

Ndibuka neza ko muri iyo mitingi ariho hakoreshwe amagambo nka “MDR POWER, CDR POWER, PL POWER”. Aha ndibutsa ko inkotanyi zahimbyemo ikinyoma ko hatangijwe HUTU POWER” nyamara iyo mvugo ntiyigeze ikoreshwa dore ko no mu rubanza rw’umunyemari Karamira Froduard wayoboraga igice cya MDR kitandukanije n’igice cya MDR yari iyobowe na Faustin Twagiramungu, urugereko rwihariye rw’urukiko rwa mbere rw’iremezo rwa Nyamirambo mu nteko iburanisha yari iyobowe n’umucamanza Jariel Rutaremara, rwahanaguye ibyaha bishingiye ku gutangiza “Hutu power” mu byo Froduard Karamira yaregwaga. Niba Karamira yarabihanaguweho ni uko imvugo Hutu power itigeze ibaho dore ko nta nijambo riboneka rigaragaza ko yaba yarakoreshejwe, ibivugwa bikaba bishingiye ku kinyoma fpr inkotanyi yakwirakwije hose kitarabayeho.

Ndibuka ko nyuma yiyo mitingi, ariho hatangiye kugabanya abanyapolitiki bo mu Rwanda bakomoka mu bwoko bw’abahutu mu byiciro bibiri:

1) Abahutu beza (hutus modérés) muri bo harimo Faustin Twagiramungu witabye Imana fpr isigaye imwita interahamwe n’umuhakanyi wa jenoside, Anastase Gasana ubu usigaye ufatwa nk’inyangabatutsi, Ntakirutinka Charles waje gukatirwa n’ubucamanza bwa fpr gufungwa imyaka icumi kubera gupfobya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, hakabamo abahutu ba fpr nka Pasteur Bizimungu wari uhagarariye FPR mu gihe cy’ibiganiro bya Arusha, nyuma akaba Perezida wa Repubukika mu gihe cy’inzibacyuho kigera ku myaka itanu, ariko akaza gukatirwa n’ubucamanza bwa fpr inkotanyi gufungwa imyaka icumi azira ngo gupfobya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi!!! Hari n’abandi tutakwirirwa turondora ariko fpr yaje kugenera amaherezo mabi nyuma yo kubita Abahutu beza!!!

2) Igice cya kabiri kiswe Abahutu b’intangondwa kibarizwamo abanyapolitiki bo muri MRND, CDR n’ibice bya MDR na PL byahinduye umurongo wo gushyigikira intambara fpr inkotanyi yari yarashoje ku Rwanda.

Ndibuka ko ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ayo masezerano ryagoranye, aho MRND yaje gusaba ko CDR yinjizwa muri gouvernement no mu nteko ishingamategeko ariko fpr inkotanyi na bya bice bya MDR na PL byarangwagamo Abahutu beza, bagatsimbarara ko CDR idashobora guhabwa imyanya mu nzego z’ubutegetsi bw’inzibacyuho!!!

Ndibuka ko Perezida Habyarimana yarahiye kuyobora mandat y’inzibacyuho imbere y’Umucamanza wayoboraga Urukiko rushinzwe kurinda iremezo ry’Itegeko Nshinga, Nyakwigendera Yozefu Kavaruganda, ariko mu ijambo uyu mucamanza yabanje kuvugira imbere ya Perezida ijambo ryo kunnyega no gucunaguza Perezida, ibyo bikaba byaragaragaza umwuka mubi wo gutesha agaciro Perezida Habyarimana wari waradukanywe n’abo banyapolitiki biyitaga ko batarangwa n’amacakubiri, ariko bakaba batarigeze bagira na rimwe aho bagaragaza ko bari bahangayikishijwe n’ibihumbi by’abaturage bari baravanywe mu byabo n’intambara. Iyo myitwarire y’abanyapolitiki bo kiyitaga opposition, ikaba yari yararushijeho gutera impungenge benshi mu banyarwanda batari bafitiye ikizere na gike fpr inkotanyi mu gihe yaba ifashe ubutegetsi.

Reka nihute ngere tariki ya 06 Mata 1994. Hari kuwa gatatu, abanyeshuri bakaba bari mu biruhuko bya Pasika. Iwacu i Nyanza, hari hamaze igihe hari ikibazo cy’ibura ry’umuriro w’amashanyarazi. Twaryamye kare ku buryo tutigeze tumenya ko isambiri n’igice bya nijoro kuri iyo tariki 06 Mata 1994 ishyano ryari ryaguye ubwo indenge yari itwaye abakuru b’ibihugu babiri Habyarimana Yuvenali, na Sipiriyani Ntaryamira hamwe n’abafasha babo mu mirimo y’akazi, yari imaze kuraswa!!

Birashoboka wenda ababyeyi bo babimenye, ariko ntibihutire kubitubwira.

Ndabyibuka ko hari mu sakumi n’ibyeri za mu gitondi tariki ya 07 Mata 1994, Mama asanga mu cyumba nari ndyamyemo asuherewe, ati “Akaye (zu), Perezida Habyarimana bamaze kumwica”!!!!

Mvugishije ukuri, nari maze igihe nsoma byinshi, mbona biteye ubwoba, ariko, uretse ko numvise umubabaro ko Perezida abagome bamaze kumwambura ubuzima, ariko sinigeze niyumvisha ikigero cy’ingaruka zakurikiye ibyo, uretse ko twatangiye kujya turara twumva amasasu, njyewe n’umwe mu babyeyi banjye tukajya turara ku isima muri corridor yerekeza mu byumba, twiteze icyaba mu ijoro. Iwacu 8 Nyanza kugera tariki ya 20 Mata 1994, nta bwicanyi bwari buriyo, ariko kandi kuko ntawari uzi amerekezo y’aho igihugu kerekeza, umuryango twigabanyamo ibice bibiri, bamwe twerekeza muri Komini ya Rukondo(Gikongoro) abandi baguma i Nyanza, twibwira tuti bamwe nibatabaho, ntihazabura abasigara!!

Nsoreje aha, ariko nshimangira ko ari uburenganzira bwite bw’umuntu bwo kubara amateka ye, adategetswe cyangwa atabwirijwe ibyo agomba kuvuga kugira ngo ashimishe bamwe.

Tariki 6 mata 1994…. Reka tugaruke ku iraswa ry’indege ryagushije u Rwanda mu kaga