One Ocean Summit : “La lueur d’espoir est à chercher dans les prises de conscience citoyennes”

La communauté internationale serait-elle prête à s’emparer de la protection des océans ? Dès mercredi, à Brest, décideurs politiques et acteurs du monde marin se mobilisent pour apporter des réponses au péril écologique que l’Homme fait peser sur cet espace. Mais pour nombre d’observateurs, cette initiative d’Emmanuel Macron n’est qu’un coup d’éclat médiatique sans portée concrète. Décryptage avec Catherine Le Gall, autrice d’une enquête sur l’accaparement des océans par les multinationales.

Pendant trois jours à compter de mercredi 9 février, la ville de Brest, dans l’ouest de la France, accueille le One Ocean Summit : des scientifiques, des représentants de grandes entreprises et de multiples acteurs du monde océanique y discuteront de la préservation des océans et de l’élaboration d’un cadre de protection pour la haute mer. Vendredi, une vingtaine de chefs d’État sont attendus dans la ville bretonne, aux côtés d’Emmanuel Macron.

Soutenue par les Nations unies, cette nouvelle grand-messe écologique constitue le premier rassemblement international entièrement consacré à la préservation des océans.

Nombre d’ONG ne voient toutefois dans cette initiative du président français qu’un “coup de com’”, lequel n’apporterait aucune avancée réelle. Pis, selon ses détracteurs, le sommet détournerait même l’attention des questions les plus problématiques, telles que l’accaparement des océans par les multinationales, la pollution d’origine agro-industrielle ou l’extraction minière sous-marine.

Un collectif de luttes citoyennes, “Soulèvements de la mer”, a ainsi organisé un contre-sommet à Brest, du 4 au 6 février, en opposition à la réunion officielle. ADVERTISING

Au sein de ce collectif, Catherine Le Gall, journaliste, a pris part aux échanges portant sur la question de la privatisation des océans. C’est là le sujet central de son ouvrage : “L’imposture océanique, le pillage écologique des océans par les multinationales“. L’enquêtrice, qui présentait récemment son livre sur le plateau de France 24, livre son analyse au sujet de ce sommet.

France 24 : partagez-vous le pessimisme de ce collectif citoyen, lequel ne voit dans cette initiative qu’un énième sommet en trompe-l’œil ?

Catherine Le Gall : Je reconnais qu’il est assez difficile d’être optimiste. Nous connaissons les menaces qui pèsent sur notre planète. Et pourtant, la politique écologique mise en place depuis les années 1990 n’a porté aucun fruit. 

Or c’est la même politique qui est appliquée aux océans au travers de “l’économie bleue”, promue par ce sommet, qui entendrait tout à la fois protéger et exploiter l’océan. Comment espérer qu’un principe qui a globalement échoué sur la terre ferme fonctionnerait miraculeusement pour les surfaces immergées ?

À ce titre, la nouvelle approche promue par la Commission européenne en mai dernier, qui à la formule “économie bleue” préférait finalement “économie bleue durable” – comme s’il n’y avait là aucune redondance – montre à quel point “l’économie bleue” n’a jamais été une pensée écologique durable.

Le champ lexical de l’écologie dont les sommets internationaux se font la vitrine laisse transparaître une conception monétarisée de l’écologie. Antinomiques avec la préservation de la nature, certains termes du programme du One Ocean Summit, eux aussilaissent songeur : “investir, “grands ports”, “partenariat public-privé”… Ou encore, “économie du tourisme durable” : on peut légitimement se demander en quoi le tourisme pourrait être vecteur d’écologie, quand cette industrie tient une grande part dans la destruction des écosystèmes (érosion des dunes, rejets de stations d’épuration non calibrées sur les littoraux, perturbations de la vie sauvage…).

France 24 : quelles sont selon vous les principales pierres d’achoppement de ce sommet ? Et celles de la politique française de préservation des océans ?

Catherine Le Gall : Le premier écueil est la sous-évaluation des déchets d’origine terrestre : ceux-ci sont pourtant responsables de 80 % de la pollution des océans. De fait, le bon sens voudrait que 80 % des efforts, forums, ateliers, propositions y soient dédiés. Pourtant, au programme de ce sommet, comme au niveau de notre pensée écologique globale, l’interconnectivité des écosystèmes marins et terrestres semble souvent incomprise. 

Lors du Congrès de la nature organisé à Marseille en septembre 2021 par l’Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature (UICN), le président français prêchait pour que 30 % des espaces terrestres et marins soient classés comme aires protégées d’ici à l’été 2022. Seulement 7 % du domaine marin l’était alors.

Mais ce vœu pieux souffre d’au moins trois ambiguïtés. Préserver un tiers des océans se fait au détriment des deux autres tiers, et pourrait fournir un alibi moral encourageant l’exploitation encore plus agressive du reste du monde océanique. 

Ces aires marines protégées ne sont en outre guère protégées des phénomènes liés – notamment – à la pollution d’origine terrestre, comme l’acidification et l’eutrophisation des eaux, pourtant des plus préoccupantes. La protection de ces espaces, de l’aveu même de ses promoteurs, demeure in fine inefficace, car elle nécessite l’action concertée de l’ensemble des acteurs (usagers, industriels et décideurs politiques). Or cette concertation nécessite deux ingrédients qui font défaut aux aires marines protégées : du temps et des moyens financiers. 

Nombre de ces aires marines protégées privilégient certaines activités humaines au détriment d’autres. Le tourisme y est ainsi valorisé aux dépens de la pêche locale. Une absurdité écologique, si l’on prend en compte – à titre d’exemple – l’empreinte carbone du touriste venu d’Europe pour faire du snorkeling dans les régions coralliennes.  

France 24 :  À vous entendre, on peut craindre que les prochaines initiatives écologiques marines butent sur les mêmes écueils que la protection de l’environnement terrestre, malgré l’antériorité de cette dernière. Serions-nous condamnés à une certaine inaction écologique ?

Catherine Le Gall : Les cartons d’invitation à ce premier sommet dédié aux océans laissent en effet présager un scénario similaire à celui des COP et autres sommets de la Terre : nombreux, puissants, les représentants d’industries influenceront sans doute les discussions. 

La lueur d’espoir qu’apporte cette première initiative éco-océanique est à chercher dans les prises de conscience citoyennes. Nous pouvons intégrer les océans au débat public sur l’écologie. Nous devons prendre conscience du lien qui unit l’espèce humaine à eux : outre leur rôle essentiel dans la régulation thermique, les océans absorbent 30 % des gaz à effet de serre. 

La protection des mondes marins replace nos démocraties face à une question primordiale : de quelle écologie nos citoyens veulent-ils ? L’écologie d’aujourd’hui est basée sur un système de compensation systémique : les acteurs économiques financent des projets écologiques dans le but de poursuivre leurs activités polluantes, n’achetant ainsi que des “droits à polluer”. 

Les politiques écologiques, marines comme terrestres, souffrent en définitive d’un problème de tempo : elles ont épousé le rythme lent imposé par les multinationales.  Le problème, c’est que nous n’avons plus le temps.

France24

129 thoughts on “One Ocean Summit : “La lueur d’espoir est à chercher dans les prises de conscience citoyennes”

  1. Pretty section of content. I just stumbled upon your website and in accession capital to claim that I get actually loved account your weblog posts. Anyway I will be subscribing to your feeds or even I achievement you get entry to persistently fast.

  2. Can I just say what a relief to find someone who actually knows what theyre talking about on the internet. You definitely know how to bring an issue to light and make it important. More people need to read this and understand this side of the story. I cant believe youre not more popular because you definitely have the gift.

  3. hey there and thank you in your info – I’ve definitely picked up anything new from proper here. I did on the other hand expertise a few technical points the use of this web site, as I skilled to reload the site many instances previous to I could get it to load correctly. I had been considering if your web hosting is OK? No longer that I’m complaining, but slow loading instances instances will often have an effect on your placement in google and could damage your high-quality score if ads and ***********|advertising|advertising|advertising and *********** with Adwords. Well I am including this RSS to my e-mail and could look out for much extra of your respective interesting content. Make sure you update this again very soon..

  4. I’m writing to make you understand of the awesome discovery my friend’s daughter undergone viewing your blog. She realized so many issues, most notably what it’s like to have a wonderful helping style to get men and women without problems know precisely selected impossible issues. You actually exceeded visitors’ expected results. Thank you for distributing the practical, trusted, informative not to mention unique tips on the topic to Sandra.

  5. Nice post. I was checking constantly this blog and I’m impressed! Extremely helpful info specially the last part 🙂 I care for such info much. I was looking for this certain info for a long time. Thank you and good luck.

  6. Does your site have a contact page? I’m having a tough time locating it but, I’d like to shoot you an email. I’ve got some suggestions for your blog you might be interested in hearing. Either way, great blog and I look forward to seeing it grow over time.

  7. Thanks for your marvelous posting! I certainly enjoyed reading it, you’re a great author.I will be sure to bookmark your blog and will come back in the foreseeable future. I want to encourage you to continue your great writing, have a nice afternoon!

  8. I wanted to thank you for this great read!! I definitely enjoying every little bit of it I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you post…

  9. magnificent post, very informative. I wonder why the other experts of this sector do not notice this. You should continue your writing. I am confident, you’ve a huge readers’ base already!

  10. I loved up to you’ll obtain carried out right here. The comic strip is tasteful, your authored material stylish. nonetheless, you command get got an edginess over that you would like be delivering the following. unwell no doubt come further in the past again as precisely the similar nearly very continuously inside case you defend this increase.

  11. Have you ever considered creating an ebook or guest authoring
    on other sites? I have a blog based on the same information you discuss and would really like to have you share some stories/information. I know my visitors would value your work.
    If you are even remotely interested, feel free to shoot
    me an e mail.

    Take a look at my web blog; vpn special code

  12. What’s Happening i am new to this, I stumbled upon this I’ve found It absolutely useful and it has aided me out loads. I hope to contribute & help other users like its aided me. Good job.

  13. I will right away take hold of your rss as I can’t in finding your e-mail subscription hyperlink or newsletter service. Do you have any? Kindly let me know so that I could subscribe. Thanks.

  14. I carry on listening to the news bulletin speak about receiving free online grant applications so I have been looking around for the finest site to get one. Could you tell me please, where could i get some?

  15. Hi, just required you to know I he added your site to my Google bookmarks due to your layout. But seriously, I believe your internet site has 1 in the freshest theme I??ve came across. It extremely helps make reading your blog significantly easier.

  16. It’s perfect time to make a few plans for the long run and it’s time to be happy. I’ve learn this post and if I may just I wish to suggest you few attention-grabbing things or advice. Maybe you could write subsequent articles relating to this article. I want to learn even more things approximately it!

  17. Admiring the dedication you put into your website and in depth information you present. It’s nice to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same unwanted rehashed material. Excellent read! I’ve bookmarked your site and I’m adding your RSS feeds to my Google account.

  18. I would like to thnkx for the efforts you’ve put in writing this web site. I am hoping the same high-grade site post from you in the upcoming also. In fact your creative writing abilities has encouraged me to get my own site now. Actually the blogging is spreading its wings fast. Your write up is a good example of it.

  19. hello there and thank you for your info – I have definitely picked up anything new from right here. I did however experience several technical issues the usage of this site, as I experienced to reload the website lots of instances prior to I could get it to load correctly. I had been puzzling over if your web host is OK? No longer that I am complaining, but sluggish loading instances instances will often impact your placement in google and could injury your high-quality score if ads and ***********|advertising|advertising|advertising and *********** with Adwords. Anyway I am including this RSS to my email and can look out for a lot extra of your respective interesting content. Ensure that you update this once more very soon..

  20. Hi there! This article couldn’t be written much better!
    Reading through this post reminds me of my previous roommate!

    He constantly kept talking about this. I am going to forward this information to him.
    Pretty sure he’ll have a great read. I appreciate you for sharing!

    Also visit my web site – facebook vs eharmony

  21. Thank you for the sensible critique. Me and my neighbor were just preparing to do a little research on this. We got a grab a book from our area library but I think I learned more from this post. I am very glad to see such great information being shared freely out there.

  22. Hi there! Do you use Twitter? I’d like to follow you if that would be okay. I’m absolutely enjoying your blog and look forward to new updates.

  23. Hmm it seems like your site ate my first comment (it was super long) so I guess I’ll just sum it up what I wrote and say, I’m thoroughly enjoying your blog. I too am an aspiring blog writer but I’m still new to everything. Do you have any points for first-time blog writers? I’d definitely appreciate it.

  24. Good day very cool web site!! Man .. Excellent .. Wonderful .. I’ll bookmark your blog and take the feeds additionally…I’m glad to search out so many helpful info here in the submit, we want work out extra techniques in this regard, thanks for sharing.

  25. After study a few of the blog posts on your website now, and I truly like your way of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark website list and will be checking back soon. Pls check out my web site as well and let me know what you think.

  26. You can certainly see your skills within the paintings you write. The sector hopes for more passionate writers like you who aren’t afraid to mention how they believe. All the time go after your heart. “In America, through pressure of conformity, there is freedom of choice, but nothing to choose from.” by Peter Ustinov.

  27. hello there and thank you on your information – I have definitely picked up something new from right here. I did on the other hand expertise several technical issues using this web site, since I experienced to reload the site a lot of instances previous to I may just get it to load properly. I have been wondering if your web hosting is OK? No longer that I’m complaining, but sluggish loading instances occasions will sometimes affect your placement in google and could damage your quality ranking if advertising and ***********|advertising|advertising|advertising and *********** with Adwords. Anyway I’m adding this RSS to my e-mail and could look out for much extra of your respective intriguing content. Ensure that you replace this again very soon..

  28. I will immediately grasp your rss feed as I can’t in finding your e-mail subscription link or newsletter service. Do you’ve any? Please let me recognise so that I could subscribe. Thanks.

  29. Nice read, I just passed this onto a friend who was doing a little research on that. And he just bought me lunch as I found it for him smile Therefore let me rephrase that: Thank you for lunch!

  30. Great post. I was checking constantly this blog and I am impressed! Extremely helpful information specially the last part 🙂 I care for such info a lot. I was seeking this particular information for a long time. Thank you and best of luck.

  31. I truly wanted to construct a simple word to be able to express gratitude to you for the stunning ideas you are placing at this site. My prolonged internet research has now been honored with reliable suggestions to exchange with my relatives. I ‘d declare that we website visitors actually are really endowed to live in a decent site with so many awesome professionals with beneficial concepts. I feel really lucky to have used the website page and look forward to tons of more brilliant moments reading here. Thanks a lot once more for all the details.

  32. I conceive this site contains some really wonderful info for everyone :D. “The public will believe anything, so long as it is not founded on truth.” by Edith Sitwell.

  33. Hello! I know this is somewhat off topic but I was wondering which blog platform are you using for this website? I’m getting sick and tired of WordPress because I’ve had problems with hackers and I’m looking at options for another platform. I would be great if you could point me in the direction of a good platform.

  34. Fascinating blog! Is your theme custom made or did you download it from somewhere? A design like yours with a few simple tweeks would really make my blog jump out. Please let me know where you got your theme. Thanks a lot

  35. Greetings! I know this is kinda off topic but I was wondering if you knew where I could find a captcha plugin for my comment form? I’m using the same blog platform as yours and I’m having difficulty finding one? Thanks a lot!

  36. Howdy are using WordPress for your site platform? I’m new to the blog world but I’m trying to get started and set up my own. Do you require any coding knowledge to make your own blog? Any help would be greatly appreciated!

  37. Appreciating the commitment you put into your blog and detailed information you present. It’s awesome to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same old rehashed information. Fantastic read! I’ve saved your site and I’m adding your RSS feeds to my Google account.

  38. That is very fascinating, You are a very skilled blogger. I’ve joined your feed and stay up for searching for extra of your excellent post. Additionally, I’ve shared your website in my social networks!

  39. I’m not sure exactly why but this web site is loading very slow for me. Is anyone else having this issue or is it a issue on my end? I’ll check back later and see if the problem still exists.

  40. Hey there! This is my first visit to your blog! We are a group of volunteers and starting a new initiative in a community in the same niche. Your blog provided us beneficial information to work on. You have done a extraordinary job!

  41. Fitspresso is a brand-new natural weight loss aid designed to work on the root cause of excess and unexplained weight gain. The supplement uses an advanced blend of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants to support healthy weight loss by targeting the fat cells’ circadian rhythm.

  42. Fitspresso is a brand-new natural weight loss aid designed to work on the root cause of excess and unexplained weight gain. The supplement uses an advanced blend of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants to support healthy weight loss by targeting the fat cells’ circadian rhythm

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *