Washington, qui avait coupé les ponts avec Caracas depuis 2019, a dépêché une délégation pour rencontrer Nicolás Maduro, un fidèle allié de Vladimir Poutine. Les Etats-Unis chercheraient à isoler un peu plus Moscou et à trouver de nouvelles sources de pétrole en cas d’embargo sur l’or noir russe.
![Le président vénézuélien, Nicolás Maduro, a promis de relancer le dialogue avec l'opposition après la visite de la délégation américaine.](https://media.lesechos.com/api/v1/images/view/6227458d22381e52dd618843/1280x720/0701101161002-web-tete.jpg)
La guerre en Ukraine pousse la diplomatie américaine à revoir sa liste des Etats infréquentables. Alors que les Etats-Unis avaient coupé les ponts avec le Venezuela depuis 2019 dans la foulée de la réélection, jugée frauduleuse, de Nicolás Maduro, une délégation de hauts responsables américains a été discrètement dépêchée à Caracas le week-end dernier.
Selon le « New York Times », qui a révélé l’organisation de cette visite avant que celle-ci soit officialisée par Nicolás Maduro lui-même, l’objectif de Washington était double. D’abord tester la solidité des liens entre le président vénézuélien et Vladimir Poutine, « afin de tenter d’isoler le chef du Kremlin de ses alliés internationaux ».
Depuis le début de l’invasion de l’Ukraine, le président vénézuélien multiplie les déclarations de soutien à son allié russe, qualifiant les sanctions occidentales de « crime » et de « folie ». « Il m’a paru important de pouvoir discuter en face-à-face des questions d’un grand intérêt pour le Venezuela », a indiqué Nicolás Maduro, qui a promu « la diplomatie et le respect » pour parvenir à la paix en Ukraine.
Remplacer le pétrole russe
Mais la délégation américaine poursuivait également un autre but, explique le « New York Times ». Washington chercherait de nouvelles sources d’approvisionnements pétroliers, au cas où les Occidentaux décideraient d’imposer un embargo sur l’or noir russe. Les Etats-Unis seraient ainsi prêts à revoir l’embargo imposé depuis avril 2019 sur le brut vénézuélien, afin de compenser la perte des volumes russes (qui représentent 8 % de leurs importations).
Ces trois dernières années, le Venezuela a pu compter sur le soutien de la Russie pour continuer à exporter sa principale ressource. Mais cela n’a pas empêché le pays de sombrer dans une profonde crise économique. Dans ce contexte, Nicolás Maduro laisse la porte ouverte à Washington. « Le pétrole du Venezuela est accessible à quiconque veut le produire et l’acheter, que ce soit un investisseur d’Asie, d’Europe ou des Etats-Unis », a-t-il affirmé jeudi dernier.
Les Etats-Unis avaient déjà signalé, en février, qu’ils seraient disposés à revoir leur politique de sanctions en cas de reprise du dialogue entre le gouvernement et l’opposition, suspendue depuis octobre.
Au lendemain de la visite de la délégation américaine, Nicolás Maduro a promis que les discussions, qu’il avait lui-même interrompues, allaient reprendre « pour la paix du Venezuela ».
AFRIQUELA1ERE
source:lesecho
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