Le 20 juin 1981, cinq intellectuels rwandophones revendiquaient à l’ONU un projet d’un Etat devant regrouper les territoires de Goma, Rutshuru, Walikale, Masisi, Kalehe et Idjwi.
Le 20 juin 1981, cinq intellectuels rwandophones revendiquaient à l’ONU un projet d’un Etat devant regrouper les territoires de Goma, Rutshuru, Walikale, Masisi, Kalehe et Idjwi.
Le 20 juin 1981, cinq intellectuels rwandophones adressaient au Secrétaire Général de l’ONU une lettre dans laquelle, au nom “des populations originaires du Rwanda au Zaïre”, ils revendiquaient un projet d’un Etat devant regrouper les territoires de Goma, Rutshuru, Walikale, Masisi, Kalehe et Idjwi.
Ce jour-là, pendant que se prépare à l’Assemblée nationale la loi de 1981 sur la nationalité zaïroise, 5 intellectuels rwandophones à savoir Ugirashebuja Stanislas, Gahima Pierre, Gitera Ambroise, Nkorota Jean-Baptiste et Cyimenyi Népomuscene, inquiets, adressent une lettre au Secrétaire Général de l’ONU en vue de l’organisation d’un référendum d’autodétermination au Kivu.
Dans leur lettre, ils précisaient:
“Il ne s’agit pas d’une aventure ou d’une subversion, mais bien d’une mobilisation générale des populations originaires du Rwanda en République du Zaïre qui sensibilisent les autorités internationales sur leur légitime cause, quelles que soient les conséquences qui en découlent”.
Cinq ans plus tard et face à la “pression” internationale, le Gouvernement zaïrois à travers son Ministre de l’Intérieur créa un “Service d’identification des Nationaux” (en novembre 1986) en vue de l’application de la loi de 1981 sur la nationalité.
Ce service devait procéder au “recensement d’identité” des populations du Kivu, et particulièrement au “recensement simultané des populations d’expression Kinyarwanda” en facilitant les formalités administratives d’acquisition de la nationalité, spécialement pour les immigrés réguliers de longue date. Le Kivu était ainsi pris dans un tourbillon dont on n’était pas conscient au niveau du Gouvernement central de Kinshasa.
rwandophones
Ces opérations (recensement et identification) seront mal perçues chez les populations rwandophones du Kivu, surtout pour celles de Fizi, Mwenga et Uvira. Elles provoqueront de violentes protestations et, de ce fait, le Service National d’Identification fut supprimé en 1988.
Voici la lettre en son integralité:
GOMA, Le 20 JUIN 1981
Transmis copie pour information: A Monsieur le Secrétaire Général de l’Organisation de l’Unité Africaine (OUA) à Addis Abeba – Ethiopie ———————————————————————————– A Monsieur le secrétaire Général de l’Organisation des Nations – Unies (ONU), à New York Etats Unis d’Amérique
OBJET: REVENDICATION
Monsieur le Secrétaire Général,
C’est avec une vive émotion et profonde inquiétude que nous avons l’honneur de vous faire part de notre situation en RÉPUBLIQUE du ZAÏRE, que nous considérons comme notre patrie de fait et de droit. En effet, sur le plan historique, le roi du Rwanda, sa majesté Rwabugiri, avait conquis les zones de Goma, Rutshuru, Walikare, Masisi, Kalehe, et Idjwi, dans les sous régions du Sud et du Nord – Kivu. Cette conquête a permis aux ressortissants du royaume du Rwanda de s’installer dans les zones conquises. L’explosion démographique qui s’en est suivie fait que nous sommes aujourd’hui plus de 2.000.000 d’habitants dans les différentes zones.
Grâce à notre influence grandissante dans le pays, certains de nos compatriotes occupent des postes de première importance. C’est ainsi suite au soutien personnel de son excellence Monsieur MOBUTU SESE SEKO, à cette époque là, une loi sur la nationalité globale fut promulguée en 1972 et qui nous reconnaissait le droit à la citoyenneté Zaïroise. Au fur et à mesure que l’opposition Zaïroise à nos intérêts et à notre influence s’organisait à l’intérieur du pays, nous croyions toujours aux promesses du Général Mobutu de sauvegarder nos intérêts. Hélas, c’est avec une profonde indignation que nous vous faisons part d’une décision d’Etat qui a forcé de loi dans ce pays anarchique, du comité central du parti unique, le Mouvement Populaire de la Révolution, prise en date du 8 juin 1981 et qui abroge purement et simplement la loi de 1972 qui nous reconnaissait d’une manière collective, la nationalité zaïroise.
Nous nous opposons donc, avec force, à la procédure individuelle de demande de petite ou grande naturalisation décidée par les membres du comité central du M.P.R. dont le président n’est autre que le menteur MOBUTU SESE SEKO. Cette situation est inadmissible pour tout un peuple qui était déjà intégré dans la grande famille des 26.000.000 zaïrois. Il est inutile de vous dire que nous représentons toutes les catégories sociales jusque dans la plus haute institution du pays qui est précisement le fameux comité central du M.P.R. Voilà les contradictions qui existent dans ce pays.
Aussi, avons-nous pris les précautions de consulter son excellence le président Juvénal Habyalimana de la république rwandaise, qui reconnaît la justesse de notre cause, et l’opinion de la presse internationale, afin que notre démarche ne soit pas étouffée par les dictitateurs de la république du Zaïre.
Monsieur le Secrétaire Général des Nations – Unies, nous nous permettons de rappeler à votre haute attention les dispositions de la déclaration universelle des droits de l’homme garantie par les Nations-Unies. Nous n’acceptons pas d’être déppouillés de la nationalité zaïroise à laquelle nous avons droit depuis 1972. C’est la raison pour laquelle nous vous demandons d’intervenir auprès du gouvernement zaïrois pour que, en accord avec les populations des zones l’autodétermination soit organisée dans les zones de Goma, Rutshuru, Walikare, Masisi, Kalehe, et Idjwi; qui après le réferendum sous l’égide des nations unies et l’Organisations de l’Unité Africaine, constituera un Etat à part qui aura à solliciter sa reconnaissance internationale.
Il ne s’agit pas d’une aventure ou d’une subversion, mais bien d’une mobilisation générale des populations originaires du Rwanda en République du Zaïre qui sensibilisent les autorités internationales sur leur légitime cause, quelles que soient les conséquences qui en découleront. Pour que les autorités zaïroises ne l’ignorent pas, nous avons adressé la copie de la présente au secrétariat permanent du comité central du M.P.R. à Kinshasa.
En vous remerciant de ce que vous voudriez bien faire pour la sauvegarde de l’humanité, veuillez agréer, Monsieur le Secrétaire des Nations-Unies, l’expression de notre haute considération. Pour les populations originaires du Rwanda au Zaïre:
1. UGIRASHEBUJA STANISLAS 2. GAHIMA PIERRE 3. GITERA AMBROISE 4. NKOROTA JEAN BAPTISTE 5. CYIMENYI NÉPOMUSCENE C/O: EVÊCHE DE GOMA, NORD-KIVU
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