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Ku gasozi ka Muhororo mu karere ka Gisagara mu majyepfo y’u Rwanda – ahitegeye uruhererekane rw’imwe mu misozi yo muri komine Mwumba mu ntara ya Ngozi mu Burundi – ni ho havukiye Agathe Uwilingiyimana, Minisitiri w’intebe w’umugore umwe rukumbi mu 10 babayeho mu mateka y’u Rwanda kugeza ubu.
Avukira “mu gicyene [mu bucyene] ariko kitabuze icyo kurya”, nkuko bivugwa na musaza we Gaspard Hangimana, umugabo w’imyaka 74, utuye i Muhororo, mu cyahoze ari segiteri Gikore ya komine Nyaruhengeri, ubu ni mu murenge wa Kansi. Avuka ari umwana wa kane mu bakobwa batandatu n’abahungu babiri.
Imyaka itanu Hangimana arusha mushiki we, ituma amwibuka mu bwana bwe.
“Yari umuntu w‘ibakwe. Yagiraga ishyaka ryo kwiga. Yari umuntu ujijutse mu mutwe”.
Ku myaka itanu, mu gihe ubusanzwe byasabaga kubanza kuzuza imyaka irindwi, we ni bwo yatangiye ku ishuri ribanza rya Gikore.
“Baramwemereye. Mu gikuriro wagira ngo afite n’icumi”.
“Yabaga uwa mbere, ubundi [rimwe na rimwe] akaba uwa kabiri”, usibye inshuro imwe yibuka yabaye uwa gatatu.
‘Umunyesoni ariko wihagazeho’
Nyuma yaje gutsindira kujya kwiga mu ishuri ryisumbuye riyoborwa n’ababikira rya Lycée Notre-Dame de Cîteaux mu mujyi wa Kigali, yiga amasomo ya siyansi arimo ibinyabuzima n’ubutabire.
Aza gukomereza mu ishuri rikuru ry’ubwarimu IPN (Institut Pédagogique National du Rwanda), no muri Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda, amashuri yombi yari i Butare.
Uwilingiyimana yinjiye muri politiki mu 1992 mu ishyaka ritavugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi rya MDR (Mouvement Démocratique Républicain), mu kwezi kwa kane uwo mwaka uwari Minisitiri w’intebe Dismas Nsengiyaremye – na we wo muri MDR – ahita amugira Minisitiri w’uburezi (1992-1993).
Nyuma yaho, muri iyo guverinoma yari ihuriweho n’amashyaka menshi, yabaye Minisitiri w’intebe (1993-1994).
Ariko uburyo Uwilingiyimana yinjiye muri politiki byatunguye Fidèle Mpabwanimana, umunyeshuri yigishije mu mwaka wa kane w’amashuri yisumbuye, mu Rwunge rw’Amashuri rwa Leta rw’i Butare, mu 1989.
Mpabwanimana ati: “Yari umudamu witonze ndetse ubona ufite nk’akantu k’isoni. Ariko nanone akagira akantu k’umudamu wihagazeho ufite igitsure. Kuko mu ishuri twari abahungu batangiye gukura ariko wasakuza akakubwira ati ‘reka gusakuza'”.
“Guhera igihe yabereye Minisitiri, jye mbona yari umudamu ukomeza umutsi. Hari ibihe by’intambara, ingorane mu mibereho y’abaturage, ariko yagiye aba umuntu uzi guhangana na byo mu buryo bwiza.
“Nabonaga ari umudamu w’igihangange, umuntu udasanzwe, cyane cyane nk’umudamu”.
Nka Minisitiri w’uburezi, azwiho guca politiki y’iringaniza mu mashuri – aho imyanya mu mashuri yisumbuye n’amakuru yatangwaga hagendewe ku turere – akayisimbuza guhabwa umwanya bitewe n’imitsindire y’umunyeshuri ku giti cye.
Yamenyekanye kandi mu guharanira uburezi bw’abakobwa – abashishikariza no kwiga amasomo ya siyansi nka basaza babo – n’ubw’abo mu gice cy’amajyepfo no hagati mu Rwanda, ahazwi nko mu Nduga, urebye bari barahejwe n’abo mu gice cy’amajyaruguru no mu burengerazuba bari biganje mu butegetsi bwo hejuru.
Nyuma y’umwaduko wa politiki y’amashyaka menshi mu 1990, ni umwe muri bacyeya bazamuraga ijwi banenga ku mugaragaro ubutegetsi bw’uwari Perezida w’u Rwanda Juvénal Habyarimana, waje kwicwa ubwo indege ye yahanurwaga i Kigali mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 6 y’ukwezi kwa kane mu 1994 – igikorwa gifatwa nk’icyabaye imbarutso ya jenoside.
We yicwa ku munsi wakurikiyeho, hamwe n’umugabo we Ignace Barahira. Hangimana yari aherutse kubasura, ahangayitse kubera mushiki we.
“Yapfuye maze nk’icyumweru mvuyeyo, mu Kiyovu, haruguru ya [Hoteli] Mille Collines.
“Nti ‘Ko mbona ibi bintu bya politiki bizaguhitana?’
“Ati ‘Niba ari ko byanditse ni ko bizagenda nyine.’
“Nti ‘Ahaaaa, ndabona bigoye'”.
Amakuru avuga ko mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 y’ukwezi kwa kane mu 1994, ahagana saa moya, abasirikare bo mu mutwe w’ingabo zarindaga Perezida Habyarimana, zari no mu zirinda Madamu Uwilingiyimana, zagose iza ONU zari ku irembo na zo zamurindaga, zikazitegeka gushyira intwaro hasi – zizishyira hasi ahagana saa tatu.
Mbere yaho mu rukerera rwo muri icyo gitondo, Madamu Uwilingiyimana yari yashatse kwerekeza kuri radio y’igihugu kugeza ijambo ry’ituze ku baturage, ariko abasirikare bamubuza kuva mu rugo.
Muri uwo mwuka mubi hagati y’abasirikare bamurindaga, bivugwa ko ari bwo Madamu Uwilingiyimana yahungiye mu gipangu bari baturanye cy’abakozi ba ONU b’abasivile, aho abasirikare barindaga Perezida – abazwi nk’aba GP – baje bamushakisha, nuko kubera kugirira ubwoba abana be, we n’umugabo we barigaragaza, bahita bicwa.
Marie-Christine Umuhoza, umukobwa umwe gusa mu bana batanu ba Madamu Uwilingiyimana, wari ufite imyaka 15, yabwiye filime mbarankuru ya BBC yo mu mwaka wa 2014 ukuntu we na basaza be bakusanyijwe bakurizwa urugo bageretsweho za matola bagahishwa muri icyo gipangu.
Umuhoza, uba mu Busuwisi, ati: “Kuri jyewe, sinjya niyumvisha ibyari birimo kuba… Cyari igihe cy’ubwoba… Byari birenze ukwemera”.
Icyo gipangu cy’iyo nzu bari barimo cyari kigoswe n’izari ingabo z’u Rwanda, zari zigishakisha abana ba Minisitiri w’intebe ngo zibice.
Aho ni ho bakuwe na Kapiteni Mbaye Diagne, umusirikare w’Umunya-Sénégal wari mu ngabo za ONU zo kubungabunga amahoro mu Rwanda (MINUAR), wabatwaye abahishe mu modoka.
Umuhoza ati: “Mu nzira, hari hari za bariyeri za gisirikare…Ntitwagombaga kuvuga. Byasabaga kwigira nkaho tutari Abanyarwanda”. Berekeza ahajyaga kumera nk’ahari umutekano, muri Hoteli ‘Mille Collines’, aho baje kuva bahungishirizwa mu mahanga.
“Ni we nkesha kuba ndiho, kandi ni ko bimeze no kuri basaza banjye. Ntekereza ko iyo atahaba, ese mba nkiriho? Simbizi”.
‘Nta ntambara ishobora kuvuka hagati yanjye na Perezida’
Nk’umurwanashyaka ukomeye wa MDR, Madamu Uwilingiyimana yari mu ba Hutu b’ibitekerezo biri hagati na hagati (bitarimo ubuhezanguni) byo guharanira impinduka.
Muri videwo ya kimwe mu biganiro yagiranye n’abanyamakuru mu mpera y’ukwezi kwa cumi na kabiri mu 1993, asubiza uwari umubajije niba Faustin Twagiramungu, wari umukuru w’ishyaka MDR, ari we wamushyizeho nka Minisitiri w’intebe muri guverinoma y’inzibacyuho yaguye, nk’uburyo bwo kumushakira akazi.
Ati: “‘Uti Twagiramungu yasanze utagomba kwicara muri chômage’. Ndagira ngo nkumenyeshe ko mfite diplôme ya licence [y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza] chimiste [umunyabutabire]”.
Mu ijwi ryumvikanamo guhagarara ku byo avuga, ari na ko akora ibimenyetso n’ikiganza cy’iburyo, akomeza agira ati: “Jyewe, ntabwo nigiye kuba Ministre. Ndafite diplôme yanjye aho nzayijyana hose nzakora. Twagiramungu ntabwo yigeze ababazwa n’uko ntari Ministre. Ngira ngo nari ndiho ntaraba we. Ntabwo naburaraga. Sinapfuye kuko ntari Ministre”.
Mu kindi kiganiro n’abanyamakuru, agaragara asubiza ati: “Nta ntambara ishobora kuvuka hagati yanjye na Perezida wa Repubulika. Ntibishoboka. Iyo ntambara se yazarwanwa ite? Nta yo…”
Hangimana asanga mushiki we yari umuntu “wavugaga ashize amanga”.
“Ni uko yabonaga ibiba byose…irondakarere…Akarengane. Igihugu cyasaga nkaho kiyobowe n’umurenge umwe. Hari igitugu gikomeye. Uretse gukoresha amagambo, nta mbunda yari afite”.
Kuri Twagiramungu bakoranye muri MDR akaba na Minisitiri w’intebe (1994-1995) muri guverinoma ya mbere ya nyuma ya jenoside – hagendewe ku masezerano y’i Arusha, Madamu Uwilingiyimana yari intangarugero.
Mu 2019, mu kiganiro yahaye shene ya YouTube yo mu murongo utavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi buriho mu Rwanda, Bwana Twagiramungu agira ati: “… Yari umugore w’umunyabwenge, yari umuntu w’intwari, yari umuntu ukunda igihugu cye, yari umuntu ukunda abantu, yari umuntu utarobanura, kuri twebwe yari umunyapolitike ushyize mu gaciro. Urupfu rwe rero rwaratubabaje cyane…”
Mpabwanimana, wa munyeshuri we, yungamo ati: “Yapfuye azize ibitekerezo bye. Umuntu ntabwo yakagombye kuzira ibitekerezo bye bya politiki”.
Mu cyaro cy’i Muhororo, haracyari intimba kuri Hangimana, wibuka ukuntu iyo mushiki we yabaga azabasura akiri Minisitiri w’uburezi, ababyeyi b’abana bafite ibibazo bijyanye n’amashuri babaga bageze mu rugo ngo babimuture imbonankubone.
Kuba Madamu Uwilingiyimana ubu ari mu ntwari z’u Rwanda, mu cyiciro cy’intwari z’Imena, “ni ibyishimo” ku muryango, nkuko abivuga. “Byibura [byerekana] ko adateze kwibagirana mu mateka”.
Gusa hari ibyo acyibaza, atarabonera igisubizo, kandi yumva byagafashije abo mu muryango we.
“Reba uko yapfuye ameze [urwego yari ariho]? Buriya se nta mafaranga yabikaga [yasize] muri banki? Amazu? Ubwo se nta mitungo yari afite?”
Indi nkuru wasoma:Reka tugaruke ku iraswa ry’indege ryagushije u Rwanda mu kaga
source:bbc
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