Mugunga, le plus grand camp de réfugié au monde à l’époque, détruit et réfugiés tués sans pitié

CE JOUR-LA… 14 novembre, comme aujourd’hui…

Le 14 novembre 1996, les éléments de l’AFDL( L’Alliance des forces démocratiques pour la libération du Congo) s’emparent du Camp de réfugiés de Mugunga (dans la province du Nord-Kivu), le plus grand camp de réfugiés au monde à cette époque, avec une population constituée de plus d’1 million de réfugiés Hutus.

C’était le début de la longue guerre entre les Forces armées zaïroises (FAZ) et le Front patriotique rwandais (FPR) qui opérait sous le nom de Banyamulenge et AFDL. Car, c’est le chef d’état-major rwandais qui en sera le commandant des opérations et de l’assaut qui se préparait.

Après la chute des villes d’Uvira (25 octobre), Bukavu (29 octobre) et Goma (1er novembre), des milliers de réfugiés rwandais qui n’avaient pas accepté de retourner au Rwanda s’étaient massés dans camp de Mugunga.Très vite, Mugunga, était devenu le symbole de la résistance.

Entre le 1er et ce 14 novembre, les FAR( ex-Forces Armées Rwandaise) en provenance d’autres camps déjà saccagés par l’AFDL ainsi que des groupes armés Maï-Maï (originaires de Sake) assureront la résistance, bloquant les militaires de l’AFDL à 7 kilomètres du camp de Mugunga.

Mais le 12 novembre, après avoir conclu une alliance avec les Maï-Maï locaux, les militaires de l’AFDL prennent le contrôle des collines entourant Sake, encerclant ainsi les réfugiés et autres combattants ex-FAR et les civils armés Interahamwe amassés entre le camp de Mugunga et la cité.

Et ce 14 novembre, les militaires de l’AFDL tirent à l’arme lourde de manière indiscriminée sur le camp de Mugunga et ses environs pendant six heures, tuant un nombre indéterminé de réfugiés.

Dans l’après-midi du 14 novembre, après de violents combats avec les Maï-Maï à Sake, les ex-FAR présents dans le camp de Mugunga brisent l’encerclement et prennent la fuite en direction de Masisi, entraînant à leur suite de nombreux réfugiés.

Lorsque les militaires de l’AFDL entrent dans le camp de Mugunga, ils ordonnent aux réfugiés qui respirent encore de rentrer au Rwanda. Ces réfugiés terrorisés acceptèrent de repartir vers le Rwanda, alors que plus de 300.000 autres personnes s’enfonçaient elles dans l’intérieur du pays.

Beaucoup d’entre ces réfugiés seront tués pendant l’avancée des troupes de l’AFDL vers Kinshasa.

source : www.babunga.alobi.cd

Rwandan refugees sit on a buses and in tents at the Mugunga Refugee Camp, a camp mainly for militia.

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