Rémy RUGIRA
Ces dernières années, Marine Le Pen s’est employée sans relâche à gommer les aspérités du Rassemblement national pour briser le plafond de verre qui la bridait. Avec 41,2 % des voix, elle échoue une nouvelle fois aux portes de la victoire. Portrait d’une candidate qui rêvait de l’Élysée.
Cinq ans que Marine Le Pen ruminait sa revanche. Qualifiée pour le second tour de l’élection présidentielle du 24 avril, la candidate du Rassemblement national a une nouvelle fois perdu son match face à Emmanuel Macron, en ne rassemblant que 41,2 % des voix face à Emmanuel Macron.
À 53 ans, l’ex-patronne du Front national avait pourtant adouci son discours. Son image aussi. Loin du tir sportif auquel elle s’adonnait en 2012, la “mère à chats” – comme elle aime maintenant se définir – n’en finit plus de poser avec ses matous dans les médias et sur son compte Twitter aux 2,6 millions d’abonnés.
Fini les propos lancés à la hussarde et les provocations d’antan, la cheffe du RN bon teint assure désormais que l’islam est “compatible avec la République”. Au pays du RN version 2022, plus de sortie de l’euro, ni de l’Union européenne. Il faut dire que la dédiabolisation commencée dès 2002 a été facilitée par un Méphisto providentiel nommé Zemmour, qui lui n’a rien sacrifié à son franc-parler. Le résultat est là : Marine Le Pen, qui apparaît normalisée, progresse de plus de sept points au second tour de la présidentielle en cinq ans. Le brushing blond est pourtant bien resté le même. Son programme d’extrême droite aussi. Rien qui ne diffère vraiment du passé.
Des bleus à l’âme
Marion Anne Perrine Le Pen, de son vrai nom, est née le 5 août 1968, à Neuilly-sur-Seine. Pour cette troisième et dernière fille (après Marie-Caroline et Yann) du fondateur du Front national, Jean-Marie Le Pen, la politique coule dans les veines depuis son plus jeune âge.
Dans son autobiographie “À contre flots”, publiée en 2006, elle raconte d’ailleurs être entrée “de plain-pied dans la politique” à l’âge de 8 ans, lorsqu’elle échappe à un attentat visant l’appartement familial parisien, l’un des événement “les plus marquants de son enfance”. Question épreuves, la jeune fille en connaît un rayon : le divorce tapageur de ses parents, les photos érotiques de sa mère publiées dans le magazine Playboy, les insultes lorsqu’elle accompagne à 15 ans son père dans ses déplacements pendant la campagne des municipales de 1983. Pas de quoi la décourager de la politique pour autant. À sa majorité, la fille du “Menhir” officialise son entrée en politique en adhérant au Front national paternel.
Avec une note de 4 sur 20 à l’épreuve de philosophie d’un bac B obtenu au rattrapage, Marine Le Pen n’est pas de ces élèves que les professeurs portent en exemple.
Inscrite en droit à l’université Paris II-Assas, l’étudiante que tous décrivent comme une “fêtarde invétérée” obtient tout de même une maîtrise en droit puis un DEA en droit pénal en 1991.
“Le clone”, comme la surnomme sa mère en référence à sa ressemblance avec son père – avec “des cheveux” précise l’intéressée –, a surtout hérité du goût pour la tribune. Rien d’étonnant à ce que cette étudiante gouailleuse, l’invective au bord des lèvres, embrasse l’année suivante la profession d’avocate, au sein de la 23e chambre correctionnelle du tribunal de grande instance de Paris.
Ironie du sort, la toute jeune juriste, qui se porte volontaire pour assurer les permanences de comparutions immédiates, est amenée à défendre des immigrés clandestins.
“Mais qui elle est, celle-là ?”
Dans le même temps, à tout juste 24 ans, la jeune femme brigue la 16e circonscription de Paris. Sans succès. Il lui faut attendre 1998 pour accéder à la reconnaissance du scrutin. Marine Le Pen est alors élue conseillère régionale du Nord-Pas-de-Calais.
Côté privé, elle rencontre de nouvelles zones de turbulence. La même année, elle met au monde trois enfants, dont des jumeaux, en moins de onze mois.
Et au sein de l’appareil politique, la scission avec Bruno Mégret crée des remous. Ses prises de position “modernistes”, sur l’avortement ou encore sur la religion, lui valent les critiques d’une partie des cadres et de l’électorat frontiste. Le Pen père fait fi des critiques des caciques mécontents, il croit en sa fille et exclut ceux qui osent s’en plaindre. Deux ans plus tard, elle prend la tête de l’association Génération Le Pen, qu’elle rebaptise GénérationS Le Pen pour amorcer une vaste opération de marketing politique. Objectif : décomplexer les actuels électeurs et en attirer de nouveaux.
Jusque-là dans l’ombre de son père, l’élue frontiste commence à prendre la lumière le 5 mai 2002, au soir du second tour, alors que son père est vaincu face à Jacques Chirac. Elle apparaît pour la première fois sur les plateaux télévisés après le désistement d’un des cadres du parti. La prestation est remarquée. Elle titille et agace ses adversaires politiques. “Mais qui elle est, celle-là ?”, s’étrangle Jean-Luc Mélenchon sur le plateau de France 3. “Pas de haine, pas d’intolérance monsieur”, lui rétorque-t-elle dans un sourire narquois dont elle a le secret tandis qu’une partie du public la hue.
Trahisons familiales
L’animal politique poursuit son ascension. Elle trouve dans le nord de la France, en partie miné par le chômage et la désindustrialisation, une terre fertile pour semer ses idées. Elle est élue députée européenne en 2004 et en 2009.
En 2011, le XIVe congrès du Front national à Tours voit le chef historique Jean-Marie Le Pen passer le flambeau à sa fille, qui a largement remporté le scrutin interne face à son rival Bruno Gollnisch.
Débarrassée des querelles intestines du parti, elle se lance une première fois dans la course à l’Élysée en 2012 et recueille 17,90 % des voix au premier tour. La même année, elle crée le Rassemblement bleu Marine, qui constitue une coalition de différents mouvements d’extrême droite lors des élections législatives. Jean-Marie Le Pen, d’abord poliment maintenu comme président d’honneur et dont les saillies racistes et révisionnistes grèvent tous les efforts de dédiabolisation du Front national, est définitivement exclu de l’appareil en 2015 par sa propre fille. En cause cette fois, ses propos polémiques sur les chambres à gaz “détail” de la Seconde Guerre mondiale ou sa défense du maréchal Pétain. Chez Le Pen, la trahison se goûte aussi en famille.
Les coudées franches, elle brigue à nouveau la présidence de la République en 2017, mais échoue au deuxième tour derrière Emmanuel Macron (33,90 % – 66,10 %). Déterminée, elle n’entend pas rester sur cet échec. Elle mène une troisième campagne présidentielle en 2022, espérant prendre sa revanche sur le président sortant. Mais de nouveaux remous secouent le parti. D’abord les transfuges, certes peu nombreux, qui désertent le parti avec perte et fracas pour grossir les rangs du candidat Éric Zemmour. Puis c’est au tour de sa propre nièce, Marion Maréchal, de quitter le navire. Jusqu’au psychodrame Nicolas Bay, accusé d’espionnage pour le camp Reconquête !
Contre vents et marées, Marine Le Pen insubmersible, tient bon et se qualifie pour le second tour de la présidentielle. Mais après trois essais, elle n’est pas parvenue à devenir la première femme élue présidente de la République en France sous la Ve République. Malgré ses efforts, elle n’a pas su hisser l’extrême droite au plus haut sommet de l’État. Pour cette fois.
France24
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