Texte anglais de David Himbara traduit en français par Afriquela1ère
Comme le dit le dicton : « Faites attention à ce que vous souhaitez, vous pouvez l’obtenir ». Après avoir qualifié la communauté internationale de “bavardage et d’absence d’action“, le général Paul Kagame a obtenu ce qu’il souhaitait.
Le gouvernement des États-Unis a pris des mesures énergiques avec Kagame à l’extrémité de la réception. Surtout, les États-Unis ont informé Kagame qu’ils surveilleraient directement toute transgression future le long de la frontière entre le Rwanda et la RDC. Un mois plus tôt, l’administration Biden avait déjà sanctionné le Rwanda pour avoir envahi et occupé le territoire de la RDC.
Les États-Unis ont lié les récentes violences du Rwanda en RDC à la 3e division des Forces de défense rwandaises dirigée par le Général de Brigade Andrew Nyamvumba. Par la suite, le directeur du renseignement national des États-Unis, le secrétaire d’État adjoint aux affaires africaines et l’assistant spécial du président ont été dépêchés au Rwanda pour informer Kagame des nouvelles règles d’engagement en RDC.
Kagame a prononcé son discours grandiloquent au mauvais endroit et au mauvais moment
Brigadier General Andrew Nyamvumba
Le Général Paul Kagame a utilisé la tribune de l’Assemblée générale du 20 septembre 2023 pour se moquer des dirigeants mondiaux, mais n’a pas mentionné de noms. L’homme fort rwandais a déclaré que la communauté internationale souffre de deux malformations. Non seulement ils s’engagent dans des discours vides qui sont rarement soutenus ou suivis d’effets. Ils souffrent également d’un aveuglement volontaire à l’égard d’actes répréhensibles.
Pour citer les propres mots de Kagame, « Nous avons encore un long chemin à parcourir » pour parvenir à la paix :
« Se contenter d’un soutien de pure forme à la paix et se perdre dans les procédures et les formalités ne fait que confirmer l’attention sélective de certains membres de la communauté internationale. »
Le discours grandiloquent de Kagame a été prononcé au mauvais endroit et au mauvais moment. Le gouvernement américain avait déjà commencé à prendre des mesures concrètes contre le régime de Kagame. Un mois avant le discours de Kagame à l’ONU, l’administration Biden a directement lié le Rwanda à l’escalade du conflit dans l’est de la RD Congo. Le sous-secrétaire au Trésor pour le terrorisme et le renseignement financier, Brian Nelson, a été sans équivoque sur la position de l’administration Biden:
« Le Trésor n’hésitera pas à demander des comptes aux acteurs qui commettent des violations des droits humains et aggravent cette situation humanitaire déjà désastreuse. »
La 3e division des Forces de défense rwandaises, dirigée par le général de brigade Andrew Nyamvumba, a été identifiée comme l’envahisseur et l’occupant de la RDC au début de l’année 2022. Nyamvumba a ensuite été sanctionné dans les termes suivants :
“Le Général de Brigade Andrew Nyamvumba (Nyamvumba), de nationalité rwandaise, est le chef des opérations de la 3e division des RDF. Au début de l’année 2022, la 3e division est entrée sur le territoire de la RDC et, en collaboration avec les combattants du M23, a attaqué des positions et des camps des FARDC, faisant des victimes parmi les FARDC.Nyamvumba est désigné en vertu du décret présidentiel n° 13413, tel qu’amendé par le décret présidentiel n° 13671, comme étant un dirigeant des RDF, une entité, y compris tout groupe armé, qui a été responsable ou complice, ou dont les membres ont été responsables ou complices, ou qui se sont engagés, directement ou indirectement, dans des actions ou des politiques qui menacent la paix, la sécurité ou la stabilité de la RDC”.
L’étape suivante de la bataille entre Kagame et les États-Unis a eu lieu le 6 novembre 2023, lorsque le secrétaire d’État américain Anthony Blinken a eu une conversation téléphonique avec l’homme fort rwandais. Comme on pouvait s’y attendre, la conversation s’est concentrée sur l’aggravation de la crise humanitaire en RD Congo et dans les zones frontalières.
La dernière action des États-Unis consiste à surveiller directement la frontière entre le Rwanda et la RDC
Le 19 novembre 2023, la directrice du renseignement national (DNI) des États-Unis, Avril Haines, a rencontré Kagame à Kigali. Le DNI est le chef de la communauté du renseignement et le principal conseiller du président en matière de renseignement. Le DNI a été rejoint par la secrétaire d’État adjointe aux affaires africaines, Molly Phee, et l’assistant spécial du président et directeur principal du NSC pour les affaires africaines, Judd Devermont.
La Maison-Blanche a donné deux raisons pour lesquelles le président a envoyé son équipe de haut niveau rencontrer Kagame et séparément son homologue de la RDC. Premièrement, les États-Unis ont cherché à obtenir des engagements pour désamorcer le conflit. Deuxièmement, les États-Unis ont informé les deux chefs d’État qu’ils surveilleraient le respect des engagements pris par le Rwanda et la RDC. La Maison-Blanche a expliqué les résultats de la visite au Rwanda de la directrice du renseignement national des États-Unis et de son équipe en ces termes :
« DNI Haines a rencontré le président rwandais Kagame et le président congolais Tshisekedi pour obtenir des engagements des deux dirigeants en faveur d’une désescalade des tensions dans l’est de la RDC. Le gouvernement des États-Unis salue et a l’intention de surveiller ces mesures de désescalade prises par la RDC et le Rwanda”.
Kagame est le véritable bénéficiaire de l’engagement de la communauté internationale en faveur de la consolidation de la paix dans la région des Grands Lacs. La pile de rapports de l’ONU, des États-Unis et de l’UE sur la terreur de Kagame dans la région peut remplir une bibliothèque. Mais le tenir responsable est une autre affaire. Peut-être que la nouvelle campagne menée par les États-Unis pour contenir l’homme fort rwandais fonctionnera cette fois-ci.
Restez à l’écoute.
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