Tigray: Ibyo tuzi ku bitero bya drones muri Etiyopiya byashegeshe inyeshyamba ubutabyutsa umutwe

Abantu babarirwa muri za mirongo bishwe n’ibitero by’indege mu majyaruguru ya Ethiopia mu gace ka Tigray mu mezi ya vuba ashize.

Bimwe mu bitero byari birimo indege ntoya cyane zitabamo abapilote zizwi nka drones, ndetse impungenge z’imibare y’abaguye muri ibi bitero zikomeje kwiyongera.

Leta, imaze umwaka urenga irwana n’abayirwanya, ivuga ko ifite uburenganzira bwo gukoresha intwaro iyo ari yo yose ibonye.

Ihakana ko yigeze igambirira kurasa abasivile.

Tariki 08 Mutarama(01): Igitero ku nkambi y’abahunze

Igitero ku nkambi y’abavuye mu byabo imbere mu gihugu ahitwa Dedebit tariki 08 z’uku kwezi kwa Mutarama, cyishe abantu barenga 50 gikomeretsa abarenga 100.

Amashusho ya nyuma y’iki gitero – abakozi b’imiryango ifasha bahaye Politico – yatumye abakora iperereza bacyeka ko intwaro yakoreshejwe hano ishobora kuba ari misile yarashwe na drone ya Bayraktar TB2 ikorerwa muri Turkiya.

Ikarita yerekana ibibuga by'indege n'ahabereye ibitero bitatu bya drones

Ibice – birimo n’ibyavuye ku mababa – bisa n’ibihura n’iby’ubwoko bw’izo drones, nk’uko abashakashatsi bo mu kigo Pax peace group cyo mu Buholandi na Amnesty International babivuga.

Ibya drones zo muri Turkiya mu ntambara ya Ethiopia byavuzwe mu kwezi gushize k’Ukuboza na Wim Zwijnenburg, ukora iperereza muri Pax.

Yerekanye amashusho y’icyogajuru (satellite) agaragaza izo drones ziparitse mu kibuga cy’indege cya gisirikare cya leta mu gace kari mu majyepfo ya Tigray.

Zibasha gutandukanywa n’izindi mu kugereranya ubunini bwazo, harimo n’uko amababa yazo areshya.

Ntabwo tuzi niba izi drones zerekanywe ari zo zakoreshejwe muri iki gitero, kandi leta ya Ethiopia ntiyigeze yemeza ko yazikoresheje.

Mu mwaka ushize Turukiya yasinye amasezerano y’ubufatanye mu bya gisirikare na Ethiopia, nubwo ibyayo byose bitatangajwe.

Ibiro ntaramakuru Reuters mu Ukuboza byatangaje ko Amerika yavuze impungenge itewe no kuba leta ya Turukiya iri gucuruza drones kuri Ethiopia.

06 Mutarama: Igitero ku nyeshyamba za Oromo

Mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi igitero cyagabwe ku nyeshyamba mu gace ka Oromia, zari zimaze kwifatanya n’izo muri Tigray.

Nta makuru menshi yamenyekanye, ntihazwi neza abaguye muri iki gitero.

Ariko, iki gitero aho hantu hitwa Gidami cyasize ibimenyetso bimwe, ibice bya misile – abakora iperereza bamwe bavuze ko ari iby’intwaro zo muri Iran.

Drone z'ubwoko Mohajer-6

Amashusho ya satellite yo mu Ukuboza yagaragaje ko drone yo muri Iran iri ku kibuga cya Harar Meda, iyi yamenyekanye kubera ingano yayo n’ibindi biyiranga.

Ikigo gikurikirana ingendo z’indege cyabonye ingendo z’indege z’imizigo zigera kuri 15 ziva muri Iran zijya kibuga cya gisirikare cya Harar Meda n’ikibuga cy’indege kinini cya Addis Ababa cya Bole mu kwezi kwa Kanama (8) mu 2021. Ibyo zari zitwaye ntabwo bizwi.

Ariko, mu Ukwakira(10) gushize, abategetsi ba Amerika bamaganye kuba Iran iri kohereza za drone mu mahanga kandi bavuga ko Ethiopia ari hamwe mu hantu ziri kujyanwa.

16 Ukuboza: Igitero ku isoko rya Alamata

Hagati mu kwezi gushize k’Ukuboza 2021, ibitero by’indege byishe abasivile 28 mu isoko rya Alamata mu majyepfo ya Tigray.

Inyeshyamba TPLF za Tigray zavuze ko indege na drones za leta ari zo zabikoze.

Ifoto yafashwe ikuwe mu nkuru ya televiziyo ya Tigray, yerekana ibisigazwa by'igice cy'inyuma cya misile yo mu bwoko bwa Blue Arrow 7 byabonetse nyuma y'igitero cy'i Alamata
Ibisigazwa by’igice cy’inyuma cya misile byabonetse nyuma y’igitero cy’i Alamata (byerekanywe kuri televiziyo ya Tigray)

Amashusho yabyo yatangajwe kuri Tigray TV, yerekana ibisigazwa bya misile zarashwe n’izo ndege.

Ibice by’inyuma bya misile bisigara aho yarashwe, bishobora kuboneka neza muri ayo mashusho.

Iperereza kuri yo – hakoreshejwe amakuru atangazwa kuri izo misile – ryemeje ko hashingiwe kuri aya mashusho, ibice byerekanywe bisa n’ibya misile za Blue Arrow 7 zikorerwa mu Bushinwa kandi zishobora gushyirwa kuri drone.

Amashusho ya satellite yerekanye za drone zo mu Bushinwa za Wing Loong ziparitse ku kibuga cy’indege cya gisirikare cya Harar Meda tariki 15 Ukuboza – umunsi umwe mbere y’igitero cya Alamata.

Drone Wing Loong II (imurika ry'indege ry'Ubushinwa ryo mu 2021)

Abakora iperereza ku makuru yatangajwe babona ko Ethiopia yakuye drones za Wing Loong mu Bushinwa, zije mbere na mbere gukora ubutasi.

Amakuru ya ‘apps’ zikurikirana ingendo z’indege yerekanye indege z’imizigo zavuye ahitwa Chengdu mu Bushinwa, ahari uruganda rwa leta rukora drones rwa Chengdu Aircraft Industry, zijya muri Ethiopia muri Nzeri(9) n’Ukwakira(10) umwaka ushize.

Ariko hari n’ikindi gihugu gifite drones za Wing Loong na misile za Blue Arrow na cyo cyoherereje Ethiopia ibikoresho – Emira Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu(UAE).

Ugendeye ku makuru y’ububiko bw’intwaro akusanywa na Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), UAE ifite drones za Wing Loong, na misile za Blue Arrow.

Drone ya Wing Loong II mu imurika ry'indege ryo mu Bushinwa mu 2021
Drone ya Wing Loong II mu imurika ry’indege ryo mu Bushinwa mu 2021

Kandi amakuru y’ingendo z’indege yerekana ingendo 119 z’imizigo mu gihe cy’amezi atanu umwaka ushize hagati y’ibibuga by’indege bya gisirikare bya UAE n’ikibuga cya Harar Meda hamwe n’ikibuga cy’indege cya Bole. Ntihazwi neza ibyo izo ndege zabaga zizanye.

Leta ya Ethiopia ibivugaho iki?

Legesse Tulu, umuvugizi wa leta ya Ethiopia, ntajya mu birambuye kuri ibi byose.

Yabwite itangazamakuru ati: “Simvuga ahantu, ariko leta yarazikoresheje [drones] mu gihe n’ahantu bitandukanye.” Yashimangiye kandi ko zitigeze zikoreshwa mu kurasa abasivile. Leta zivugwaho koherereza drones Ethiopia -zanze kugira icyo zibivugaho.

Twegereye kandi kompanyi yo muri Turkiya ikora drone za Bayraktar, ariko ntiyagira icyo isubiza.

Nta ’embargo’ (ikomanyirizwa) ku ntwaro ubu iriho kuri Ethiopia, kandi kohereza intwaro mu mahanga ntibisobanurwa neza n’amasezerano mpuzamahanga.

Ariko ikoreshwa rya drones mu makimbirane ahantu hanyuranye ku isi biboneka ko riri kwiyongera.

Wim Zwijnenburg, wo muri Pax group, abona ko urugero rwa Ethiopia “rutuma hibazwa byinshi, ugereranyije n’ibirego byinshi byo kurenga ku mategeko mpuzamahnaga”.

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