Ndabasuhuje. Mukungurana Ubumenyi ku Mateka y’igihugu cyacu, ndashaka kwereka abatari babizi y’uko iki gihugu dutuye kitamye ari RWANDA RWA GASABO gusa, nk’uko bamwe babicyekaga, abandi bakabibeshywa!
Harimo rero ibindi bihugu byinshi, kandi usibye nka 2 gusa (u Rwanda rwa Gasabo n’Ubugesera ),ibindi hafi ya byose byari iby’Abahutu. Mumbabarire ibituzuye neza (urugero: urutonde rwose rw’abami ba buri gihugu, ibihe ubwami ubu n’ubu bwabereyeho,……), aho bishoboka twagenekereje kuko ubushakashatsi bugikomeza.
Impamvu amateka y’ibi bihugu atazwi neza, ni uko yasibanganijwe ku mpamvu za politiki n’ingoma z’abanyiginya zabyigaruriye.
1. Igihugu cy’abenengwe: Butare, Bufundu, Nyaruguru).
Ingoma: Nyamibande.
Abami; -RWAMBA (1300) -SAMUKENDE (umugabo wa Nyagacyecuru mu Bisi bya Huye)-Rubuga.
2.Igihugu cy’abasinga: Kuva ku gice cya Bunyambilili-Gikongoro, ugafata Kibuye kugeza Gisenyi.
Ingoma: Mpatsibihugu.
Abami:-RURENGE (1200)-JENI (1300).icyitonderwa: Abasinga nibo benshi mu moko y’abanyarwanda, bityo bari mu bihugu byinshi.
3.Igihugu cy’Abazigaba: Mubari:(Byumba.) Muri iki gihugu ngo ni naho GIHANGA yaguye aturutse ku ijuru (muri 900) kuko ngo yari Ikimanuka.
Ingoma: Sera
Abami:-Kabeja (1300).-Biyoro (1700) yishwe na Kigeri III Ndabarasa akoresheje amayeri yo kumushyingira umukobwa we Nyabugondo.
4.Igihugu cy’Ubugesera (Abatutsi b’Abahondogo):
Ingoma: Rukurura.
Abami: -Kanyabugesera Mugondo. (1000), ngo yari n’umuhungu wa Gihanga.
-Sangano (1400).Cyatsinzwe na Mibambwe III Sentabyo (1740), atwara igice kimwe, ikindi gice gitwarwa n’Abarundi.
5.Igihugu cya Bugara cy’Abacyaba (Ruhengeri).
Ingoma: Rugara.
Abami;-Muramira (1400)-Nzira ya Muramira(1500), yishwe na Ruganzu II Ndoli.
6.Igihugu cya Nduga (Ababanda): Gitarama/Butare.
Ingoma:Nyabahinda.
Abami:-Sabugabo(1300)-Nkuba (1300)-Mashira(1400)-Ngoga(1400).Nduga cyari igihugu gikomeye, kandi Ababanda nabo bari benshi.Bari kandi n’Abatunzi b’inka nyinshi ku buryo nk’iza Senteteri mu Mayaga zitwaga URUKUBAZUBA, ngo ntiwazirebaga ngo uziheze amaso, ahubwo zageraga aho izuba uribona hose.
Mibambwe I Sekarongoro ariwe Mutabazi I , kuko yari indwanyi kuburyo banamwitaga Semutakirwa Semutambanashakwe,Umwami w’i Mbirima na Matovu (ni muri Musasa/Kigali, niwe wakoresheje amayeri ngo atsinde Mashira wari yarabananiye,amushyingira umukobwa we Nyirantondwa maze nawe arongora umukobwa wa Mashira: Bwiza bwa Mashira budashira irora n’irongora,ndetse n’umuhungu we Gahindiro ka Mibambwe nawe arongora undi mukobwa wa Mashira witwaga Nyankeri ya Mashira.Mibambwe wari warahunze Abanyoro, ahungutse, ajya kwagira kwa Sebukwe/Bamwana we Mashira, maze ahengera asinziriye, aramwica, yigarurira Nduga atyo, ahita anatura aho mu Rukali rwa Mashira, i Nyanza, ubwo umurwa wa Rwanda rwa Gasabo uba ubaye Nyanza utyo!!
7.Igihugu cy’Amarangara (Ababanda):Gitarama.
Ingoma:?
Abami: -NKONDOGORO(1400)-NKOMA ya Nkondogoro.
8.Igihugu cya Gisaka: Kibungo.
Ingoma:?
Abami: -Ruregeya (1300)
– Kimenyi Musaya (1300), yarongoye ROBWA, Mushiki wa Mibambwe I Bwimba.Kimenyi yishe Bwimba,bituma uwo Robwa ngo yishinga nawe ku icumu ngo atazabyarana n’uwishe Musaza we.
– Kimenyi II SHUMBUSHO (1400)
9.Igihugu cy’Abanyoro (bavuye i Buganda bigarurira u Rwanda rwa Gasabo (1400), batsinze Mibambwe I Sekarongoro).
Ingoma yabo: ?
Umwami: -CWA I. Yamaranye uRwanda rwa Gasabo imyaka isaga 40.
10.Igihugu cy’Ubushi
Ingoma:?
Abami:-Nsibura Nyebunga (ahagana 1500).yishe Ndahiro II Cyamatare amutsinze Rugarama, ari naho hiswe ku Miko y’Abakobwa,anyaga n’ingoma y’ingabe y’Abanyiginya yitwaga RWOGA.
11.Igihugu cya Karagwe (k’Abahinda.)
Ingoma:?
Abami:- Ruhinda(1400)
-Karemera Ndagara(ahagana1500).Umugabo wa Nyabunyana, mushiki wa Ndahiro II Cyamatare, aho Ndoli yabundiye,akahavanwa na Kavuna, aje kwima i Rwanda).
-Rumanyika(1600).
12.Igihugu cy’Abarenge: Burwi , ku Mukindo wa Makwaza(Butare).
Ingoma: ?
Abami;-Haramanga(1400).- Nyaruzi rwa Haramanga(1500) yicwa na Ruganzu II Ndoli.
13.Igihugu cya Ndorwa (y’Abashambo).
Ingoma:?
Abami:? Cyigaruriye Gisaka i Muzizi wa Ryamanyoni (muri Rukara) muri 1400, Cyatsinzwe na Kigeri II NYAMUHESHERA(1600)
14. Igihugu cya Cyingogo: (Gisenyi)
Ingoma: Simugomwa.
Abami: ?-Bwoya.
15.Igihugu cya Kiganda (Gisenyi)
Ingoma: Kayenzi.
Abami:-Nkwakuzi I -Ruvugamake.
16.Igihugu cya Bushiru (Gisenyi)
Ingoma: Nkundabashiru.
Abami:?
17.Igihugu cya Bukonya(Ruhengeri)
Ingoma:Rubuga/ Ruvugamahame.
Abami:?
18.Igihugu cya Rwankeri (y’Abarindi): Ruhengeri.
Ingoma: Kabuce.
Abami:?
19.Igihugu cy’Abaguyane (Ruhengeri)
Ingoma: Ndahaze.
Abami:?
20.Igihugu cya Ruhengeri.
Ingoma:Bazaruhagaze.
Abami:?
21. Igihugu cya Bunyambiriri.
Ingoma:?
Abami :-Gisurere.
22.Igihugu cy’Abagogwe.
Ingoma:?
Abami: -Mucocori.-Bigirimana-Rusimbi.
23.Igihugu cy’Umurera:Ruhengeri.
Ingoma:?
Abami: Rugaju rwa Mutimbo.
24.Igihugu cya Cyingogo.
Ingoma:?
Abami:-Bihabanyi.
25.Igihugu cya Bukunzi (Cyangugu).
Ingoma:?
Abami: -Kija I.(1800)-Ndagano Ruhagata.(1900)-Ngoga Bihigimondo (1923) yavanyweho n’Ababiligi agwa muri Gereza i Kigali muri 1925.
26.Igihugu cy’Ubusozo (Cyangugu)
Ingoma:?.
Abami:-Nyundo.(1700)-Ruhinga I (1800)-Ruhinga II (1850)uyu yavanywe mu bwami n’Ababirigi muri 1926 hagabirwa umutware Rwagataraka, ahategekana n’Ubukunzi, Impala na Biru, maze byose bihinduka IKINYAGA.
27.Igihugu cy’Abungura cya Gasabo.(mbere y’Abanyiginya)
Ingoma: Kamuhagama
Abami: -Nyabakonjo (1200)-Nkuba ya Nyabakonjo (1300)
27.Igihugu cya Rwanda rwa Gasabo (Abanyiginya).
Ingoma: Rwoga /Kalinga.
Abami bose: 33
Abami bakomeye cyane:
1. Ruganzu I Bwimba (1312)ni we watangije ingoma yabo Rwoga I Gasabo yirukanye abungura.
2. Mibambwe I Sekarongoro(1411).Yagabye ibitero byinshi, harimo no kwigarurira Nduga ya Mashira, bityo yimurira umurwa I Nyanza.
3. RuganzuII NDOLI(1510) (Cyambarantama), Ruganzu, rugambirira kurinda, cyitatire cya Mutabazi:niwe washyizeho ingoma Kalinga (kuko Rwoga yari yaranyazwe na Nsibura Nyebunga, umwami w’Ubushi, atsinze Ndahiro II Cyamatare ahagana 1500.Yagabye ibitero byinshi, yagura u Rwanda rwa Gasabo.
4.Mibambwe II Gisanura (1609):Yabaye umunyakuri.Niwe wahanishije abatware be ibihano bikakaye cyane bamubwiraga ngo ahanishe abagome.Muri bo hari Kamegeri, wakaranzwe ku Rutare rwacaniriwe ruratukura, ariho havuye URUTARE RWA KAMEGERI (Mu Ruhango).
5. CYIRIMA II RUJUGIRA (1675).Yabaye indwanyi ikomeye afatanije n’Abahungu be: Sharangabo na Ndabarasa, akora n’imitwe y’ingabo nyinshi kandi ikomeye, harimo:
-Indara.-Imvejuru.-Inyakare.-Inyaruguru.-Ababanda.-Abarima.-Ababito-Intarindwa
-Abadahemuka-Igicikiza-Ibanga-Abacyemba-Indirira –Inzirabwoba-Urukamba-Uruyange.
Ninawe waciye iteka ngo : “U Rwanda ruratera ntiruterwa”.
6.Kigeli IV Rwabugiri (1853).Yabaye indwanyi cyane yifashishije imitwe y’ingabo ze,nk’Ibisumizi, Ingangurarugo,Abatanyagwa,….Yaguye u Rwanda rwa Gasabo kugera inyuma y’ibirunga, za Ndorwa, Bufumbira,…….Ni nawe wakiriye Abazungu bwa mbere mu Rwanda ubwo yahuraga n’umudage Van Gotzen I Kageyo (ku Gisenyi).
Ibi ni bimwe mu bihugu byari ahitwa u Rwanda ubu, nkuko rwahawe iyi mipaka muri 1912, ikanononsorwa muri 1925.Ibihugu byari mu Rwanda rwa mbere y’abazungu ariko bitakirurimo ubu(urugero U Bufumbira,Ndorwa,….), amateka yabyo, yashakirwa mu bihugu birimo ubu (Uganda,Repubulika iharanira demukarasi ya Kongo ).
Umushakashatsi ku mateka y’u Rwanda.
Bwana F. N. John Matabaro.
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In this truly “in-depth” look at early Longines chronographs HODINKEE alum Ph Zhou offers a roadmap to the birth of the 13ZN and the story behind the brand’s chronographs in the 19th and 20th centuries. It’s a trip full of blued steel hands monopushers column link wheels and a whole lot more. Click here to read “In-Depth A Detailed Look At Early Longines Chronographs Including The Legendary 13ZN”.
I don’t consider myself a collector she says. “I have watches that I like and enjoy wearing. I have some because I love them and others because they contain memories they’re a reference to the past.”
The watch measures 42.8 mm by 14.2mm thick 3.6mm of that thickness is from the domed sapphire crystal at the link front. The dial is finished with faceted applique indices and leaf-shaped hour and minute hands filled with Super-LumiNova. You can get the watch with rubber textile or alligator leather strap or steel bracelet. The watch costs 21900 though the steel bracelets sell separately for 2200.
If you don’t link dive at all the Pelagos might feel like too much. I see the Pelagos 39 as Tudor’s casual alternative of a conventional dive watch crossed with a Pelagos. The specs and sizing don’t really diminish its ability to be a good dive watch but the compromise makes it less hardcore than a standard Pelagos. And that’s the point. If you’ve ever felt like the Pelagos was great while at the same time being a bit extra the Pelagos 39 makes a lot of sense.
As you may know the HODINKEE Shop is an Authorized Dealer for Hamilton Seiko and Tissot so if you’re looking to pick up the Hamilton Khaki Field Mechanical or the Tissot Gentleman don’t forget to check The Shop.
Caliber: JLC Caliber 860Functions: Hours and minutes on both dials (same time displayed), chronograph with retrograde 30-minute counterPower Reserve: 52 hoursWinding: ManualFrequency: 28,800 vphChronometer Certified: Additional Details: Column wheel chronograph, horizontal clutch
Watches like the Jaeger-LeCoultre Reverso Hybris Artistica are why the Watches and Wonders fair is so fun to visit. These unicorn watches don’t typically cross paths with mere mortals like me. Going hands-on with them feels like a privilege.
With the SBGK005 equipped with a lower key strap, I set out to wear it every day for a week (alright, in this case I enjoyed it a few days longer than that, which should tell you where this is going). As I mentioned earlier, this is a watch that benefits from some quality time, but that doesn’t mean that it has a “break-in” period or anything like that. From the moment I first put it on, I enjoyed it. With that blue dial sparkling back at me, it was tough to argue.
A lot of watch people hate the whole flipping aspect of the culture. But hating it isn’t going to make it go away, so it’s better to understand it, work within it, and appreciate it from a business point of view. Because like it or not, flipping is part of watch collecting now and that’s not changing any time soon. In case you’re not into streetwear, here’s how it typically worked during Supreme’s heyday.
Jessy lives in San Francisco and is the proud owner of this 1970s Rolex Submariner ref. 1680. This year, Jessy turned 30, met an Australian girl, and ended up spending a few months visiting her in Australia. In the midst of everything happening this year personally and globally, he decided there was no reason “we can’t afford ourselves these little pleasantries,” and pulled the trigger on this link Sub.
I never thought about it this way before. Thanks for opening my eyes.
After the first version crafted in ethical rose gold, followed by variations fashioned with Lucent SteelTM, steel developed by Chopard, the manufacture has now forged the case of the Alpine Eagle XL Chrono, which is waterproof to a depth of 100 meters, in grade 5 titanium.
On the first day of training at Patek, everyone in the class is given the day to finish a movement. While most trainees take the entire day, it took Xhevdet only about five hours. link Patek was impressed, and Rexhepi went on to apprentice for three years.
Some improvements trickled down from the Caliber 5133 movement in AP’s Royal Oak Selfwinding Perpetual Calendar Ultra-Thin RD#2. That watch also had all perpetual calendar functions in one layer of the movement, with an end-of-month cam similarly integrated with the date wheel, and the month cam is combined with the month wheel. The crown adjustments are in a second layer, which keeps the whole thing thin.
I’ve had around eight Nautilus in my life and the 3800 is the first Nautilus I ever really wanted. After buying link and selling, this is the last one I kept. I was adamant that I would not let this go because of how unusual, and likely unique, it is. It’s modified but in the most ideal way possible: by Patek itself.