ESE NELSON MANDELA W’U RWANDA AZABAHO?

Maître Valentin Akayezu

Aragira ati “Narwanye intambara ikomeye ndwanya ubutegetsi bw’abazungu.Narwanye intambara ikomeye ndwanya ubutegetsi bw’abirabura. Igitekerezo cyiza cyanjye nkunda kurusha ibindi ni icyo kubaka Afurika y’Epfo aho abaturage bayo bose bareshya”/Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela.(“I have fought very firmly against white domination. I have fought very firmly against black domination. I cherish the idea of a new South Africa where all South Africans are equal.”)

Nelson Mandela, indwanyi y’inyeshyamba, umunyapolitiki, umwunganizi mu nkiko (Avocat/Advocate), umuyobozi w’umutwe wa politiki n’umutwe wa gisirikare, Imfungwa ya politiki, Perezida wa Repubulika, Uwitangira amahoro kw’isi. Uyu mugabo utangaje, watabarutse mu kwezi kwa 11/2013, ibigwi bye bihambaye byamenyekaniye mu buryo yashoboye kubanisha Abanyafurika y’epfo. Kuri iyi nyandiko, nyiherekesheje amajwi n’amashusho bigaragaza uyu mugabo utangaje.

Uyu mugabo Nelson Mandela ugibwaho impaka bikomeye, cyane cyane n’Abanyafurika bamwe bamurega ko yaba yaroroheye Abazungu atitaye ku bikorwa bibi bakoreye Abirabura bene wabo. No muri Afrika y’epfo ubwaho haboneka amajwi y’abatishimiye uburyo Nelson Mandela yatwayemo ikibazo cy’Abirabura.

Ubwanjye niganiriye n’impuguke mu bya politiki ikomoka muri icyo gihugu, igerageza kunyereka ko hari andi mazina y’abagabo bubashywe cyane bagombaga kuba bahabwa agaciro n’isi kurenza uko Mandela yubahwa. Mu mazina yambwiye, harimo Walter Sisulu, Chris Hani, Oliver Tambo n’abandi. Hari n’Abanyafurika bagera kure bakumva ko Mandela yagombaga kuba arebera kuri Robert Mugabe wayoboye Zimbabwe, uburyo yitwara mu kibazo cy’ubwikanyize bw’abazungu (byakabaye biba byiza ko hakorwa igereranywa ry’imiyoborere y’aba bagabo bombi, ariko bizagenerwa ikindi gihe).

NONESE N’IKI GIHA UMWIHARIKO NELSON MANDELA?

Iyo witaye kubyo abamunenga bavuga, usanga ko kenshi bishingira kucyo nakwita “a sense of grudge and community belonging rather than fixing at national interest ” ni ukuvuga ibyiyumviro by’akangononwa no kwibonamo ubwoko/umuryango, ugashyira imbere inyungu z’ibyo ngibyo kurenza gushakisha icyashyigikira inyungu z’igihugu. Ese ubundi inyungu z’igihugu n’iki kandi zigerwaho zite?

Ku bwanjye, inyungu z’igihugu zisumba iz’ubwoko, zishyira imbere ibituma buri mwenegihugu aza mbere ya byose kandi kugira ngo zigerweho bisaba kwigomwa(sacrifice). Ni ukuvuga ko inyungu z’ubwoko zigomba guharira umwanya inyungu z’igihugu. Ibihugu nka Afrika y’epfo cyangwa U Rwanda, byashegeshwe n’amakimbirane y’igihe kirekire atandukanya ubwoko, gukiza igihugu nta rindi banga bisaba, uretse kurenga inyungu bwite z’amakominote (communities).

Uwaba yarabashije gukurikira film n’igitabo cyayitiriwe yitwa “Invictus”, abasha kubona aho imyumvire ya Nelson Mandela ishingiye. Invictus igaragaza uburyo ANC ikimara gufata ubutegetsi, Mandela agatorerwa kuyobora igihugu cya Afrika y’epfo, bamwe mub’imbere mu buyobozi bwa ANC bari bashyize imbere amatwara yo kwihora ku muzungu, no gusibanganya izina rye mu gihugu cya Afrika y’epfo.

Nyamara nk’umuyobozi utareberera ubwoko, ahubwo akareberera igihugu, yabwiye abakamarade be ko igihe kigeze ngo bumve ko Abazungu nabo bafite umwanya umwe nk’uw’Abirabura bafite mu gihugu. Mu ijambo rikomeye yabwiye bagenzi be, mu cyo nise “we need them philosophical approach of Mandela’s leadership style”, yagize ati: Turabakeneye (we need them), kandi kugira ngo tubashe kubana nabo, dukwiye kwitoza gukunda no kubaha ibyo bakunda. Icyo gihe bamwe muri ANC bumvaga ko ibimenyetso byose byarangaga “apartheid regime” bigomba gucibwa, ntihabe urwibutso rwabyo mu gihugu, kugera n’ubwo bashaka ko umukino wa rugby ucibwa, kuko ngo babibonagamo urwibutso rwo kwishima kwa bagashakabuhake. Nyamara Mandela arababwira ngo nimureke bajye baririmba indirimbo bakunda(their national Anthem) igihe bagiye gukina cyangwa kureba umukino wa rugby.

Sibyo gusa imiyoborere ya Mandela yakoze, kuko mu birebana no gushaka ukuri ndetse no guhana amahano yakozwe mu gihe cya apartheid, benshi muri ANC bumvaga ko hagomba gushingwa inkiko zo guhiga no kwihora ku bazungu bari barabazengereje igihe cya apartheid. Nyamara Mandela, abifashijwemo na ba Musenyeri Desmond Tutu, babashije kwereka igihugu inyungu zakomoka mu gushakisha ukuri “ku kahise” k’igihugu habanje kwifashishwa ibiganiro bigamije ukuri n’ubwiyunge. Ng’uko uko hashinzwe komisiyo y’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge (Truth and Reconciliation Commission) maze mu mikorere yayo irangwa no kutagira uruhande ibogamiraho. Uwemeraga kwitaba komisiyo wese, agatanga amakuru no gusobanura uruhare rwe mu byaha byakozwe, yahabwaga imbabazi. Inkiko zarebaga gusa, abinangiye bakanga kwitaba komisiyo, kandi bikorwa mu buryo bureba ibyaha byakozwe n’abazungu ndetse n’ibyaha byakozwe n’abirabura mu ntambara yabo yo kurwanya ba gashakabuhake kuko nabo batari abere.

Icya gatatu cyaranze imiyoborere ya Perezida Nelson Mandela, ni ukubasha gushyiraho itegeko Nshinga ry’igihugu rihumuriza buri wese, rifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi ridashobora kunyeganyezwa n’ubutegetsi, niyo yaba Perezida wa Repubulika nta mbaraga afite zishobora kwisukira ububasha bw’itegeko Nshinga. Kugeza uyu munsi, Afrika y’epfo nicyo gihugu cya mbere kw’isi gifite Itegeko Nshinga riteganya mu buryo bisesuye, uko umuturage agomba kurindwa no kurengerwa.

Ntavuze byinshi, Nelson Mandela, umuyobozi w’indashyikirwa kandi w’ibihe byose, yashoboye kubanisha impande ebyiri zitashoboraga kugira aho zihurira, none ubu Abirabura n’abazungu basangiye igihugu kimwe bahuriyeho mu mahoro. Byumvikane, ko abanyapolitiki ba rusahuriramunduru bahora barekereje aho ibyuho byaboneka, ngo bubakire ku bitandukanya baturage mu nyungu zabo bwite, ariyo mpamvu dushobora kumva rimwe na rimwe ibikorwa bigayitse bishingiye ku irondaruhu cyangwa byo kwibasira abanyamahanga. Ariko abo bose bacogozwa n’uko igihugu cyubakiye ku nzego zikomeye zidakorerwamo kandi hari na sosiyeti sivile ihora irikanuye cyane.

ESE ABANYARWANDA BITEGE KO BAZAGERA IGIHE BAKABONA MANDELA WABO?

Aho FPR Inkotanyi ifatiye ubutegetsi mu kwa 7/1994, amajwi yatangiye kuzamuka mu rwego rwo gushakisha ibisubizo ku bwicanyi n’amahano ya jenoside igihugu cyarimo gusohokamo, hibazwa niba u Rwanda rutakwifashisha uburyo bwakoreshejwe muri Afrika y’epfo.

Indi nkuru wasoma: “Buri munyarwanda yifuza impinduka ari nta munyarwanda wifuza guhinduka”.

Nyamara abayobozi ba FPR Inkotanyi bihutiye kubyamagana, bitwaje ko ibyabaye mu Rwanda ari umwihariko kuko Ubwicanyi bwakozwe n’abaturanyi bica abandi baturanyi babo, bityo mu rwego rwo guca umuco wo kudahana, ubucamanza ngo akaba ariyo nzira yatangaga igisubizo cyo kugera ku kuri n’ubwiyunge mu Banyarwanda. Nyamara, mu gihe FPR yashyiraga imbere icyo gisubizo cy’ubucamanza, ninako yashyiraga umurego mu guhishira uruhare rwayo mu bwicanyi, yubaka inzego z’ubutegetsi ziyifasha guhungeta rubanda no gutuma amahano yakoze atavugwa, ahubwo ihitamo imiyoborere yo gusiga icyasha igice kimwe cy’Abanyarwanda bava mu bwoko bw’Abahutu no gukora ibishoboka byose ngo umuturage w’umuhutu atiyumvamo uburenganzira bwuzuye, umunyarwanda akwiye kuba afite.

Nyamara, ushyira mu gaciro wese, ntiyatinya kuvuga ko igisubizo cy’ubucamanza FPR yashyize imbere cyabyaye ikiboze cyane cyane ko, uko iminsi irushaho gutambuka, umwuka wo kwishishanya mu Banyarwanda, urushaho gufata intera iteye ubwoba. Cyakoze, FPR yo ibyungukiramo, kuko mu kugoreka amateka hakoreshwejwe inzira y’ubucamanza, Abanyarwanda bacitsemo ibice, ntibashobora kwizerana no kwicarana hamwe ngo babashe gutekerereza mu nyungu zirenze iz’ubwoko bwabo, icyatuma mu Rwanda himikwa imiyoborere utagira uwo ikumira kandi yizeza iterambere kuri buri wese ntawusigaye.

Nanone kandi, aho kubaka igihugu cyizeza ihumure n’ituze kuri buri Munyarwanda wese, FPR yahisemo kwimakaza imitegekere y’igitugu n’iterabwoba kugera naho Perezida Kagame we ubwe yemeza ko kwica ari imikorere y’ubutegetsi bwe (tuzabarasa izuba riva……, mwe n’ubwo mwagira isoni zo kwica, njye ntazo mfite……., uwakora ibi namwica….). Uwitegereza imiyoborere ya FPR ishingiye gusa kuri “logique de la politique du vainqueur” aho ubutegetsi bishingiye gusa ku kwirata imbaraga zo gukora ibibi ngo butinyike, intego yo guhuza abanyarwanda yo yamaze kuba umugani. Abifuza igihugu cy’Abanyarwanda bose, FPR yabasoromesheje umuti wa mperezayo.

ESE BYIFASHE BITE MU BARWANIRA IMPINDUKA Z’UBUTEGETSI MU RWANDA?

Ku rugero nashyira nko kuri 90%, politiki y’abifuza gusimbura FPR, nayo nta cyizere itanga kubirebana no kubaka igihugu kiyunze, igihugu giha agaciro umunyarwanda wese iyo ava akagera. Politiki zo gucamo abanyarwanda amatsinda zikomeje kumvikana, politiki zo guhakana amateka ya bamwe, ushimagiza ayawe ikomeje guhabwa intebe.

Indi nkuru wasoma: ESE NI NGOMBWA KO ABARI MURI OPOZISIYO BISHYIRA HAMWE? DORE UKO BAMWE BABIBONA

Muri make, ka kangononwa nakomojeho hejuru, karangaga abari hafi ya Mandela, no muri politiki nyarwanda yitwa opposition, karabonekamo cyane. Tariki ya 01 Ukwakira yongeye kubigaragaza, aho hiriwe intambara y’impande ebyiri, zishimagiza intwari zazo ariko zipfobya intwari z’abandi.

“Turabakeneye, kandi kugira ngo tubashe kubana nabo, twige gukunda no kubaha ibyo baha agaciro”

Ariko se nibarije: nk’uko Mandela yabwiye bagenzi be ngo “Turabakeneye, kandi kugira ngo tubashe kubana nabo, twige gukunda no kubaha ibyo baha agaciro” buriya nk’abanyarwanda dukoze iyo “sacrifice” maze politiki y’akangononwa tukayishyira ku ruhande, hari igihombo twabigiramo?

Reka twe kurebera muri ndorerwamo za cya kizere kiraza amasinde, nitubikorera, U Rwanda ruzagira Mandela warwo uzarucungura, akarufasha gusohoka mu mwiryane n’amacakubiri akomeje gutuma ikirere cyo mu rwa Gasabo gicuramo urwijiji rwo kutizerana hagati y’abana barwo.

Indi nkuru wasoma: Impaka zishyushye mu banyarwanda bigenga mu bitekerezo kuri Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika ya I y’u Rwanda docteur Kayibanda Gregoire.Umubona ute?

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