Ni idosiye yiswe Congo Hold-up: Kompanyi z’umuryango n’inshuti za Joseph Kabila wahoze ari Perezida wa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo zohererejwe za miliyoni z’amadolari y’Amerika zo mu mari ya leta kuri konti zazo bwite zo muri banki, nk’uko amakuru y’ibanga yahishuwe kurusha andi yose muri Afurika abigaragaza.
Ayo mafaranga yoherejwe kuri za konti z’izo kompanyi mu ishami ryo muri DR Congo rya banki yitwa ‘Banque Gabonaise et Française Internationale’ (BGFI).
Za miliyoni z’amadolari ‘cash’ nyuma zakuwe kuri izo konti.
Bwana Kabila, w’imyaka 50, yari akiri Perezida mu gihe ayo mafaranga yoherezwaga.
Yanze gusubiza ku bibazo byacu kuri ayo mafaranga yoherejwe.
Ibyatangajwe kandi bitifuzwaga birimo inyandiko zirenga miliyoni eshatu ndetse n’amakuru ku bikorwa byo muri banki (transactions) bibarirwa muri za miliyoni byo muri banki BGFI, ikorera mu bihugu byinshi byo muri Afurika no mu Bufaransa.
Igitangazamakuru Mediapart cyo ku rubuga rwa internet cyo mu Bufaransa gikora inkuru z’icukumbura hamwe n’umuryango utegamiye kuri leta urengera abamena amabanga muri Afurika ku bw’inyungu rusange witwa ‘Plateforme de Protection des Lanceurs d’Alerte en Afrique’ (PPLAAF), ni byo byahawe ayo makuru.
Ishami rya BBC rikora inkuru z’icukumbura rya BBC Africa Eye ryabonye ayo makuru, nk’iriri mu rugaga rwitwa Congo Hold-up, ruhuzwa n’umuryango w’itangazamakuru w’ubufatanye ku nkuru zicukumbuye wa European Investigative Collaborations (EIC).
Iri perereza rituma hibazwa ku wungukiye muri ayo mafaranga yoherejwe, ndetse n’ibibazo byo kubogama bishobora kuvuka kubera amasano ya hafi y’abo bireba (conflicts of interests).
Kompanyi ya peteroli itagira n’igitonyanga cya peteroli
Umuyobozi w’ibikorwa w’ishami rya banki BGFI muri DR Congo, ryitwa BGFI Banque RDC, kuva mu 2012 kugeza mu 2018 yari Francis Selemani, undi muhungu wa Laurent Desiré Kabila yareraga nk’uwe, wareranwe na Joseph Kabila.
Mushiki wa Bwana Kabila, witwa Gloria Mteyu, yari afite imigabane ingana na 40% y’ibikorwa bya BGFI muri DR Congo, ishami ryashinzwe muri icyo gihugu mu 2010.
Kompanyi imwe itari iya leta, yitwa Sud Oil, yagaragajwe ko yakiriye hafi miliyoni 86 z’amadolari y’Amerika zo mu mari ya leta kuva mu kwezi kwa cumi na kumwe mu 2013 kugeza mu kwezi kwa munani mu 2017.
Ayo arimo atari munsi ya miliyoni 46 z’amadolari y’Amerika yavuye muri banki nkuru ya DR Congo (BCC), miliyoni 15 z’amadolari y’Amerika zavuye muri kompanyi y’igihugu y’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro izwi nka Gécamines, hamwe na miliyoni 1 y’amadolari y’Amerika yavuye mu kanama k’igihugu k’amatora, CENI.
Amakuru yonyine iradiyo ya BBC yabonye kuri ayo mabanga yamenwe ku birebana n’ayo mafaranga yarishywe ni inyemezabwishyu (facture) y’arenga gato miliyoni 1 y’amadolari y’Amerika CENI yoherereje Sud Oil ajyanye no kuriha icyiswe “lisansi”
Nta gihamya n’imwe igaragara yemeza ko Sud Oil yakoraga ubucuruzi bwa lisansi muri icyo gihe.
Umugore wa Bwana Selemani, witwa Aneth Lutale, yari afite imigabane ingana na 80% muri Sud Oil, naho Madamu Mteyu akagira imigabane 20% isigaye yo muri iyo kompanyi kuva mu 2013 kugeza mu 2018.
Za miliyoni z’amadolari y’Amerika zakuwe kuri konti za Sud Oil zo muri banki BGFI zoherezwa ku zindi konti zo muri BGFI za kompanyi zitari iza leta. Zimwe muri izi kompanyi zari iza benewabo (abo mu muryango) cyangwa abakorana ubucuruzi na Bwana Kabila, wari Perezida kuva mu 2001 kugeza mu 2019.
Imwe muri izi kompanyi ni Kwanza Capital, uwari uyifitemo imigabane ya mbere myinshi ni umunyemari wo muri DR Congo Pascal Kinduelo, naho Sud Oil yari iyifitemo imigabane micyeya. Bwana Kinduelo yari akuriye BGFI Banque RDC muri icyo gihe.
Bwana Kinduelo mbere yari yarahoze ari nyiri kompanyi Sud Oil, nyuma ahindura kuba nyirayo abiha undi.
Iperereza ryasanze iyo banki yaremeye ko Sud Oil ibikuza kuri konti amafaranga y’agaciro kenshi, harimo na miliyoni 6 z’amadolari y’Amerika yabikuje rimwe. Amategeko avuga ko hemewe kubikuzwa ku munsi atarenga 10,000 by’amadolari y’Amerika yo mu buryo bwa ‘cash’. Aya ashobora kurenzwa gusa ku mpamvu zihariye kandi zagenzuwe mbere, nko mu gihe habayeho ibibazo byihutirwa mu gihugu cyangwa ku mpamvu z’umutekano w’igihugu.
Nta gihamya BBC Africa Eye yabonye mu makuru y’ibanga yamenwe ko uburyo buboneye bwakurikijwe muri ibi. Aya mafaranga yabikujwe kuri konti za Sud Oil ntari munsi ya miliyoni 50 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu gihe cy’imyaka ine. Ubwo amafaranga yabaga amaze kubikuzwa, byemezwa ko yahitaga aburirwa irengero.
Igenzura ryasanze kompanyi iri ‘mu manegeka cyane’
Iperereza ryacu ryashoboye kumenya gusa ko Sud Oil, kuva mu 2013 kugeza mu 2018, yari ifite umukozi umwe, umuyobozi wayo w’ibikorwa David Ezekiel, ikagira n’ibiro bito mu murwa mukuru Kinshasa nk’aho ibarizwa. Mu kwezi kwa cumi mu 2013, Sud Oil yaguze umutungo w’inyubako mu murwa mukuru ya miliyoni 12 z’amadolari y’Amerika, iyishyiramo icyicaro cyayo.
Iperereza ryanatahuye kontaro yagiranye na banki BGFI Banque RDC yo kuyiha imodoka nshya nyinshi ku bakozi bayo bo mu buyobozi bwo hejuru, barimo na Bwana Selemani. Yamuciye 70,000 by’amadolari y’Amerika ku modoka ye yo mu bwoko bwa 4×4.
Nta gihamya BBC Africa Eye yabonye y’ibindi bikorwa by’ubucuruzi by’iyo kompanyi.
Iperereza ryabonye raporo y’ubugenzuzi bw’imari (audit) muri banki BGFI, yo mu kwezi kwa karindwi mu 2018, inenga bikomeye ibikorwa by’ishami ryayo muri DR Congo. Iyo raporo ntabwo yari igenewe kuzatangazwa na rimwe ku mugaragaro.
Itanga amanota yuko iryo shami ryo muri DR Congo ryari “mu manegeka cyane” (mu bibazo bikomeye). Inavuga ko nta bunyangamugayo no gukorera mu mucyo bihari ku bijyanye no gutangaza ibibazo bishobora guterwa no kubogama gushingiye ku nyungu no ku masano ya hafi (conflicts of interest) no ku kubahiriza amategeko y’imikorere mu bikorwa byayo n’abakiliya b’iryo shami.
Iryo genzura ryatangaje ko Bwana Selemani yari afite ibibazo bitari munsi ya 16 atatangaje byavamo kubogama gushingiye ku nyungu n’amasano ya hafi, birimo nko kugira aho ahuriye na kompanyi zitari iza leta zifite za konti muri iyo banki. Raporo y’igenzura inavuga ku bikorwa byinshi byo kubikuza amafaranga y’agaciro kenshi bya kompanyi Sud Oil.
Ibyumweru bibiri nyuma y’iyo raporo, Bwana Selemani yimuriwe mu kandi kazi mu biro bikuru bya BGFI muri Gabon. Amakuru avuga ko yahawe miliyoni 1.4 y’amadolari y’Amerika ubwo yavaga mu ishami ryayo rya BGFI Banque RDC. Bitangazwa ko yavuye muri banki BGFI mu kwezi kwa cumi na kumwe mu 2018.
Mu 2018 Sud Oil yahinduye nyirayo ndetse na Kwanza Capital yafunzwe muri uwo mwaka. Byumvikana ko Madamu Mteyu yakuyemo imigabane ye ingana na 40% muri BGFI Banque RDC.
BBC Africa Eye yandikiye inahamagara BGFI, Joseph Kabila, Francis Selemani, Aneth Lutale, David Ezekiel na Gloria Mteyu kuri ayo makuru y’ibanga yamenwe. Nta n’umwe muri bo wasubije ku bibazo byacu. Twanandikiye tunahamagara Pascal Kinduelo, wanze kugira icyo asubiza.
Gécamines na BCC ntibyasubije ku busabe bwa BBC bwo kugira icyo bisubiza.
Corneille Nangaa, wari umukuru wa CENI muri icyo gihe ako kanama kakoranaga ubucuruzi na Sud Oil, yanze kugira icyo avuga ku mafaranga yishyuwe iyo kompanyi, avuga ko amategeko yo kugira ibanga ateganywa n’inteko ishingamategeko abimubuza. Bwana Nangaa yongeyeho ko ubu muri CENI hari itsinda rishya ry’ubuyobozi.
Ipererereza rya BBC Africa Eye rizagaragara ku rubuga rwa BBC mu buryo bw’amashusho kuva ku itariki ya 29 y’uku kwezi kwa cumi na kumwe.
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