Pêche post-Brexit : Emmanuel Macron temporise, Boris Johnson reste ferme

Le Royaume-Uni et la France ont de nouveau bataillé sur la question de la pêche dimanche, Londres niant tout changement de position alors que Paris prône la “la désescalade” et estime que la “balle est dans le camp” du gouvernement britannique, s’il veut éviter des représailles. 

Boris Johnson et Emmanuel Macron n’ont manifestement pas retenu la même chose de leur rencontre, dimanche 31 octobre, en marge du sommet du G20 à Rome. Après des semaines de tension croissante, le président français a proposé dimanche au Premier ministre britannique de travailler à “la désescalade” dans la crise de la pêche entre la France et le Royaume-Uni. De son côté, Boris Johnson est resté ferme et n’a pas confirmé s’être entendu avec Emmanuel Macron sur la voie d’une solution.

“La balle est dans le camp des Britanniques”, a affirmé le président français devant la presse quelques heures après s’être entretenu en tête à tête avec le Premier ministre britannique. “J’espère qu’il y aura demain une réponse britannique”, a-t-il ajouté. Sinon, a-t-il averti, les premières mesures de rétorsion préparées par la France seront mises en place dès mardi.

Ce rendez-vous était très attendu alors que les relations entre Paris et Londres sont au plus bas en raison de plusieurs sujets de discorde: affaire des sous-marins australiens, traversées illégales de la Manche par des migrants, et mise en œuvre du Brexit. Les discussions s’annoncent donc très serrées alors que les deux dirigeants se retrouvent lundi à Glasgow pour le début de la COP26 sur le climat. PUBLICITÉhttps://c8fc005cdbb3107864fb9053fc3ee0f5.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html

“Des mesures pratiques” de “désescalade”

Selon l’Élysée, les deux dirigeants ont décidé de travailler à “des mesures pratiques” dans “les tous prochains jours” pour favoriser “une désescalade” dans le conflit sur la pêche. 

Mais côté britannique, le ton est toujours le même : “sur le poisson, je dois vous dire que la position n’a pas changé”, a déclaré Boris Johnson lors de sa conférence de presse finale, en soulignant que la discussion avait été “franche”.

Son porte-parole a toutefois précisé: “si le gouvernement français vient avec des propositions pour atténuer les menaces qu’il a faites, nous les accueillerons favorablement”.

L’accord du Brexit, conclu in extremis fin 2020 entre Londres et Bruxelles, prévoit que les pêcheurs européens puissent continuer à travailler dans certaines eaux britanniques à condition de pouvoir prouver qu’ils y pêchaient auparavant. Mais Français et Britanniques se disputent sur la nature et l’ampleur des justificatifs à fournir.

Londres affirme avoir accordé 98 % des demandes de licences de navires de l’UE pour pêcher dans ses eaux, un chiffre contesté par la France, qui parle de 90 %.

Selon l’un des conseillers d’Emmanuel Macron, les mesures proposées par la France passent par une “évolution progressive” sur le nombre et la clarification des licences accordées aux pêcheurs français pour frayer dans les eaux britanniques, notamment des îles anglo-normandes.  “Une solution” est possible car le différend ne porte que sur “quelques dizaines de bateaux” français, a souligné la présidence française.

Vers une procédure contre la France ?

Si aucune avancée n’est constatée d’ici mardi, Paris menace d’appliquer l’interdiction aux navires de pêche britanniques de débarquer leur cargaison dans les ports français et le renforcement des contrôles douaniers de camions.

Ces décisions ont été jugées “disproportionnées” par Londres qui, fait rare, a convoqué l’ambassadeur de France et menacé, en représailles, de renforcer le contrôle de navires européens dans ses eaux.

Samedi, le Premier ministre britannique, Boris Johnson, s’était plaint auprès de la cheffe de l’exécutif européen, Ursula von der Leyen, des menaces “complètement injustifiées” de Paris sur la question et avait assuré envisager “activement” une procédure juridique, un outil de règlement des conflits prévu dans les accords post-Brexit avec l’UE. De son côté, Ursula von der Leyen a tweeté que la Commission était “intensément engagée pour trouver des solutions”.

La présidence française a de nouveau insisté dimanche sur le fait que de telles affaires n’étaient pas des “sujets franco-britanniques” mais des “affaires post-Brexit qui se traitent entre l’UE et le Royaume-Uni”. Emmanuel Macron a affirmé avoir le soutien de la Commission et des autres pays de l’UE sur ce dossier, même si certains d’entre eux, comme l’Allemagne, ont exprimé leur inquiétude que la crise ne dégénère davantage.

Malgré l’actuel climat de tensions bilatérales, tant Boris Johnson qu’Emmanuel Macron ont insisté sur l’importance des liens entre leurs deux pays. Le Royaume-Uni “est un pays que je connais bien et que j’aime comme, je crois, Boris Johnson aime la France”, a souligné le Français.

source: France24 Avec AFP

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