Burundi: Kuki Uburundi buza inyuma mu bihugu bikenye cane kw’isi?

Noblesse Dusabe

Reta y’Uburundi ikwiye kuva mu majambo ikaja mu bikorwa kugira ngo ishobore kwikura mu kabaregwa ko kwitwa igihugu gikenye kurusha ibindi kw’isi, niko Faustin Ndikumana, umukuru w’ishirahamwe PARCEM, ahanura.

Ibanki y’isi yose iheruka gusohora icegeranyo c’umwaka wa 2021 ku butunzi n’imibereho y’abanyagihugu gishira Uburundi mu kibanza c’inyuma, ivyatumye benshi bongera kwihweza kw’iterambere ry’Uburundi.

Mu kiganiro na BBC, Ndikumana avuga ko imwe mu ngorane nyamukuru Uburundi bufise ari igiturire, akavuga ko mbere ‘ivyo kukirwanya biriko birasubira inyuma ugereranije n’uko vyari bimeze kera’.

Mu gihe umukuru w’igihugu Evariste Ndayishimiye yiyemeje kurwanya igiturire, Ndikumana abona ko ubutungane kuri we ari inzitizi ikomeye.

Ati: “Agerageza gute kukirwanya mu gihe ubutungane butariko burakora. Ugushaka ndavyumva, mugabo ubutungane butariko burakora, ntashobora kuvuga ngo uriko urarwanya igiturire”.

Umukuru w’iri shirahamwe ryishinze gukangurira Abarundi guhindura ingendo abona ko Uburundi budashobora guterimbere mu gihe hakiri ibihushane iyo hageze gushira mu ngiro imigambi y’iterambere.

Iki cegeranyo c’ibanki y’isi yose ku mwimbu rusangi mu gihugu (Produit National Brut, PIB) ku muntu mu 2021, cerekana ko Uburundi buza mu kibanza ca 195 kuri 196 aho Umurundi umwe aronka USD 240 gusa ku mwaka wose.

None ibi biharuro biharurwa gute?

Ndikumana avuga ko bapima ibi bisunze “umwimbu wimburwa mu gihugu kanaka kuko niwo uba werekana ubutunzi igihugu kiba gifise, hanyuma bagaca baraba abanyagihugu ingene bangana, umwimbu cimbura mu bisata bitandukanye ugaca ugabanganywa ku banyagihugu bakibamwo, baca baraba rero ico umunyegihugu umwe umwe wese yoba aronka”.

“Ni nk’uko wofata urugo kanaka rurimwo umugore n’umugabo n’abana icenda nk’akarorero, ugaharura ivyo bimbura ku kwezi, amahera baronka ku kwezi, ugaca uyagabura rero na cumi na rimwe, ari ho rero uca ubona amahera umuntu umwe umwe muri urwo rugo ashobora kuronka ku kwezi”.  

“Urumva n’ingo zirasumbana, hariho ingo zimbura vyinshi. Amahera yinjira ari menshi. Uko muza kuyagabura muri bake, niko ukubaho neza guca kwiyongera. Iyo muyagabura muri benshi nayo ari make, ubukene buca bwiyongera”. 

Ku ruhande rw’Uburundi, Faustin Ndikumana abona ko Uburundi bwimbura bike ariko bugategerezwa kugaburira abantu benshi, bigatuma bwama buboneka ko bukenye.  

Uburundi ni igihugu kibeshejweho ahanini n’uburimyi, ibiharuro bikerekana ko 90% ari bo babeshejweho n’isuka.  

Icegeranyo c’ikigo ISTEEBU kijejwe kwegeranya ibiharuro giherutse gusohora icegeranyo co mu mwaka wa 2019-2020 cerekana ko abarundi 40% bashobora kumara umusi wose badafunguye. Ibi biri uku mu gihe abarongoye igihugu bavuga ko umwimbu ari wose.

Mu gihe yariko ashikiriza abashingamateka n’abakenguzamateka ivyaranguwe n’ubushikiranganji butandukanye mu gice ca kabiri c’umwaka uheze hari mu kw’icumi kw’umwaka uheze nyene ari nawo iki cegeranyo cerekeye,  umushikiranganji wa mbere Alain-Guillaume Bunyoni  yavuze ko muri ico gihe honyene igihugu cari gifise amatoni menshi y’umusesekara ku mwibu w’ibigori.

Kubera iki reta n’abakora ibi biharuro badahuza?

Ndikumana abona ko reta n’abakora ivyegeranyo nk’ibi badahuza kubera reta yoyo ikunda gukoresha imvugo ya poritike.  

Ati: “Wewe uri mu mabanga, bavuze uko ibintu bimeze birashobora kutakunezera kuko bica vyerekana ko umengo utariko uratunganya ibintu neza.

“Imvugo ya poritike sico kimwe n’iy’abahinga, ni naco gituma turiko turasubirira n’inyuma, umunyeporitike wewe yivugira poritike aho kuraba ivyo abahinga bavuga”.

None Uburundi bufise ingorane nyabaki ku buryo bwama inyuma?

Mu gusigura ingorane Uburundi bufise zituma bwama buri inyuma mu butunzi, Faustin Ndikumana afatira ku gitabo ishirahamwe ryiwe riherutse gusohora, aho ryihweza imyaka 60 Uburundi bumaze bwikukiye, n’imyaka ibiri y’ubutegetsi bwa Evariste Ndayishimiye.

Muri iki gitabo, yerekana ko imigambi itegurwa ariko ko, iyo hageze kuyishira mu ngiro, “umengo hariko hakorwa ibihushane n’ivyategerezwa kuba biriko birakorwa kugira dushikire intumbero y’iterambere”.

Asigura bimwe muri ibi bihushane biri muri iki gitabo, ica mbere ciyongera ku giturire avuga ko “tugomba guterimbere mu gihe tuvuga ko Uburundi bwikwiye kandi ivyegeranyo vyerekana ko ari ubwanyuma k’isi mu bihugu bitunze”.  

Ati: “Uwuja gukira indwara arayirata, none wewe nimba urwaye indwara, ntiwemere ko uyirwaye, wumva uzoyikira gute? Banza wemere ko ukenye”.  

Imvo ya kabiri ashikiriza abona ko igihugu kigomba  gutera imbere mu gihe atanzira irashe yo kugiteza imbere ihari ifatiye ku citegererezo c’uko ahandi bigenda.

Ati: “Turagenda tukandika ibitabo, ngo plan national de developpement, tukandika, tugakora amanama, ngo dushaka gufata intumbero mugabo izo recommendations tugaca tubika.

“Gushika ubu nta kintu na kimwe ca programme-vision usanga reta iriko irakorerako”.

Ariko rero, hano ntabona ibintu kumwe na reta ufatiye ku vyo umushikiranganji wa mbere Bunyoni yabwiye abashingamateka n’abakenguzamateka mu kw’icumi kw’umwaka uheze, ari nawo urabwa n’uru rutonde rw’Ibanki y’isi yose, aho yemeza ko integuro ya reta y’igice ca kabiri yakozwe neza mbere hisunzwe uburyo buvuye hagati mu gihugu, akavuga ko ari na ko vyagenze mu gice ca mbere.

Yavuze kandi ko n’ibikorwa bishika 290 vyaranguwe neza hisunzwe integuro ya reta kandi ku rugero rwa 79% ku bushikiranganji bwayiranguye ku rugero ruto, be no kuri 97% ku bushikiranganji bwavyitwayemwo neza gusumba ubundi.  Yemeza ko muri rusangi imigambi reta yari ifise yashizwe mu ngiro ku rugero rwa 88%, mu gihe mu gice ca mbere yaranguwe ku rugero rwa 81%.

Hagati aho, umushikiranganji wa mbere Bunyoni yaremeje ko ubutunzi bw’igihugu muri ico gice bwagabanutse kubera ikiza karanda ca Covid-19, mbere ko hari n’ibindi bikorwa vyari bitegekanijwe bitashoboye kuranguka.

Imvo ya gatatu atanga, avuga ko Uburundi budashobora gutera imbere mu gihe gutanga akazi hatisungwa ubushobozi n’ubumenyi.

Ati: “Wewe uvuga ko ushaka gutera imbere gute udashira imbere incabwenge, abashoboye akazi, ubushakashatsi ngo ubushire imbere, mu nzego nyinshi ugasanga abantu bariko bahabwa amabanga badakurikiza ubushobozi, mu gihe ubu ata n’ibigo vy’ubushakashatsi bihari…none wotera imbere gute”?

Ikindi gihushane yerekana, ni uko igihugu kigomba gutera imbere “mu gihe ata buryo buhari bwo kuzana amafaranga mvamakungu mu gihugu kugira afashe mukuzibira ikinogo c’amafaranga Uburundi budafise kandi yongere afashe mw’iboneka ry’amafaranga y’agaciro”.

Ati: “Mbega iryo terambere uzorironka gute? Uzokoresha amarundi? N’aho worara urayafyatura, ukayarwiza muri BRB ntaco azokumarira”.

PARCEM ibona ko amasoko yashobora gutuma igihugu kironka aya mafaranga asa n’ayadakora neza.

Ati: “… raba n’ikawa yasubiye inyuma, icayi casubiye inyuma, igisata c’ubukerarungendo ntitugiteza imbere kugira ngo bazane amadevises, raba n’amafaranga y’agaciro yovuye mu nzahabu n’ubutare urabona ko vyanse …none ushaka gutera imbere gute?”

“Nta barwizatunga bazana imitahe mu gihugu; kwaka ingurane ntibikunda kuko usanga badashobora kwizera inzego, badashobora kuzizera ku buryo boziha ingurane y’amafaranga aboneka”.

Ikindi gihushane PARCEM ibona gihagaze kw’ikoreshwa ry’amafaranga ya reta ibona ko harimwo igipfungu.

Ati: “Wewe woza gutera imbere gute mu gihe n’ingene reta ikoresha amafaranga ata muco urimwo, umengo amafaranga akoreshwa mu kanywababo, amafaranga adakurikiza imigambi y’iterambere izwi, amafaranga atwarirwa mu gifuri, za cour des comptes zitayakontorora?”.

Mu mwaka uheze wa 2021, Prezida Ndayishimiye yumvikanye anegura bikomeye abo mu nzego zitandukanye n’abamufasha imirimo y’igihugu abagiriza  kuba aribo batuma ibintu bitagenda neza mu gihugu. 

Ni mu gihe yaheruka “kuririra imbere” y’abacamanza kw’izina ry’abenegihugu, aho yavuga ko batakironka ubutungane bubereye kubera abo bacamanza bamunzwe n’ibiturire. 

Umukuru w’iri shirahamwe rihamagarira abantu guhindura ingendo abona ko umukuru w’igihugu afise utwigoro kandi ko n’amajambo ashikiriza atanga icizere, ariko ko abari musi yiwe batamufasha.

Inkuru ya BBC